Question 1

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of 'deviation IQ' as used in modern intelligence testing?

Accepted Answer

Comparing a person's test score to the average score for their age group, resulting in a standardized score with a mean of 100.

Question 2

A psychologist is interested in measuring intelligence in a way that minimizes cultural and linguistic bias. Which test would be most appropriate for this purpose?

Accepted Answer

Raven's Progressive Matrices

Question 3

Which of the following scenarios best demonstrates the concept of 'stereotype threat' in intelligence testing?

Accepted Answer

A student from a minority group performs worse on an IQ test after being reminded of negative stereotypes about their group.

Question 4

According to Carol Dweck's research, which belief about intelligence is most likely to lead to resilience and improved academic performance?

Accepted Answer

Incremental theory: Intelligence can be developed through effort and practice.

Question 5

Which of the following is a key criticism of Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences?

Accepted Answer

It is difficult to measure the different intelligences accurately and reliably.

Question 6

A researcher finds that identical twins raised apart have an IQ correlation of approximately 0.80, while fraternal twins raised together have a correlation of 0.59. What does this suggest about the heritability of intelligence?

Accepted Answer

Genetic factors play a significant role in intelligence.

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the Flynn effect?

Accepted Answer

A steady increase in average intelligence test scores over several decades across many countries.

Question 8

Which of the following is an example of fluid intelligence?

Accepted Answer

Solving a novel geometric puzzle that you have never encountered before.

Question 9

A hockey player undergoes baseline cognitive testing at the start of the season. After a head injury, their scores on memory and response time tasks drop significantly. What is the primary purpose of this baseline testing?

Accepted Answer

To detect cognitive declines after injury and inform decisions about returning to play.

Question 10

Which of the following statements about the relationship between brain size and intelligence is supported by research?

Accepted Answer

Brain size explains about 25% of the variability in intelligence scores, with other factors accounting for the remaining 75%.

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why heritability estimates for intelligence are higher in wealthy environments than in impoverished ones?

Accepted Answer

Wealthy environments provide similar resources, so genetic differences account for more of the variation in intelligence.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a recommended evidence-based strategy for enhancing cognitive abilities in children?

Accepted Answer

Using prescription medications like Ritalin without a diagnosed condition.

Question 13

A student believes that their intelligence is fixed and cannot be changed. According to research, how is this belief likely to affect their academic performance?

Accepted Answer

They are more likely to give up when faced with challenges and perform worse academically.

Question 14

Which of the following is a plausible explanation for the small IQ advantage observed in first-born children compared to their younger siblings?

Accepted Answer

First-born children often receive more one-to-one parental attention and may tutor younger siblings, reinforcing their own knowledge.

Question 15

Which of the following is a key finding from studies of the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and intelligence?

Accepted Answer

Children from higher SES backgrounds generally have higher IQs, likely due to more enriching environments and access to resources.

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the hierarchical model of intelligence?

Accepted Answer

Intelligence is organized in three levels: a general intelligence (g) at the top, a small number of sub-abilities in the middle, and many specific abilities at the bottom.

Question 17

Which of the following is a potential risk associated with the use of nootropic drugs for cognitive enhancement in healthy individuals?

Accepted Answer

Unknown long-term consequences and potential for abuse or dependency.

Question 18

Which of the following statements about gender differences in intelligence is supported by research?

Accepted Answer

Males and females have similar average intelligence, but may differ in specific abilities such as spatial or verbal tasks.

Question 19

Which of the following is a valid criticism of using intelligence tests to justify social policies such as forced sterilization?

Accepted Answer

Intelligence tests can be inaccurate, culturally biased, and misused to support unethical practices.

Chapter 9: Intelligence – Measurement, Theories, and Influences

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

Study guide - Flashcard