Question 1

Which of the following best describes the concept of a 'developmental psychologist'?

Accepted Answer

A psychologist who studies how and why human beings change over the course of their life.

Question 2

According to Piaget, which stage is characterized by the development of object permanence?

Accepted Answer

Sensorimotor stage

Question 3

A researcher is studying the effects of stimulation on infant development. Which scenario best illustrates a critical period?

Accepted Answer

A child exposed to language between ages 2-7 develops normal language skills, while a child deprived during this time struggles with language later.

Question 4

Which of the following best defines a 'schema' in cognitive development?

Accepted Answer

A mental framework that organizes and interprets information.

Question 5

In Erikson's Theory of Social and Emotional Development, what is the primary psychosocial crisis faced by adolescents (ages 12-18)?

Accepted Answer

Identity vs. Role Confusion

Question 6

Which attachment style is most likely to be observed in a child who is distressed when the caregiver leaves but is comforted upon their return?

Accepted Answer

Secure attachment

Question 7

A psychologist is using the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) to help a child learn a new skill. Which of the following best describes the ZPD?

Accepted Answer

The range of tasks a child can perform with guidance but not alone.

Question 8

According to Kohlberg's Theory of Moral Development, which stage is characterized by moral reasoning based on social approval and maintaining relationships?

Accepted Answer

Conventional

Question 9

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of 'gender schema'?

Accepted Answer

A child believes that only boys can play with trucks because of societal messages.

Question 10

Which equation best represents the calculation of Body Mass Index (BMI), often used in developmental and health psychology?

Accepted Answer

$$BMI = \frac{weight\ (kg)}{$$height^2$$\ (m^2$)}$$

Question 11

A child is able to solve a math problem only after receiving hints from a teacher. This scenario best exemplifies which concept?

Accepted Answer

Zone of Proximal Development

Question 12

Which of the following is a common misconception about sexual orientation?

Accepted Answer

Sexual orientation is determined solely by genetics.

Question 13

In the context of social psychology, what is the 'fundamental attribution error'?

Accepted Answer

The tendency to overestimate the influence of personal traits and underestimate situational factors when explaining others' behavior.

Question 14

Which scenario best illustrates the concept of 'groupthink'?

Accepted Answer

A committee makes a poor decision because members suppress dissent to maintain harmony.

Question 15

In the Milgram obedience study, which factor was found to increase obedience?

Accepted Answer

The authority figure being physically present.

Question 16

Which of the following best describes 'implicit bias'?

Accepted Answer

Unconscious attitudes or stereotypes that affect understanding, actions, and decisions.

Question 17

A child in Piaget's preoperational stage is shown two identical glasses of water. When water from one glass is poured into a taller, thinner glass, the child says the taller glass has more water. This demonstrates a lack of:

Accepted Answer

Conservation

Question 18

Which of the following is an example of a 'foot-in-the-door' persuasive technique?

Accepted Answer

First asking for a small favor, then later requesting a larger favor.

Question 19

Which equation best represents the calculation of the mean (average) score in a psychology experiment?

Accepted Answer

$$\bar{x} = \frac{\sum_{i=1}^{n} x_i}{n}$$

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the bystander effect, as illustrated by the Kitty Genovese case?

Accepted Answer

People are less likely to help in an emergency when others are present, due to diffusion of responsibility.

Developmental, Social, and Gender Psychology: Study Guide Notes

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

Study guide - Flashcard