$$Behavior = Personality \times Situation$$

Question 1

Which of the following best defines 'personality' in psychology?

Accepted Answer

A dynamic organization within the individual of those psychophysical systems that determine unique adjustments to the environment.

Question 2

According to the trait approach to personality, which formula best represents the prediction of behavior?

Accepted Answer

$$Behavior = Personality 	imes Situation$$

Question 3

A psychologist is studying how people attribute causes to others' actions. Which theory is most relevant to this research?

Accepted Answer

Attribution theory

Question 4

Which of the following is an example of the fundamental attribution error?

Accepted Answer

Assuming someone is late because they are lazy, rather than considering traffic delays.

Question 5

Which concept explains why people may conform to group norms even when they privately disagree?

Accepted Answer

Social conformity

Question 6

A researcher finds that people are more likely to help others when they are alone than when in a group. Which theory does this support?

Accepted Answer

Diffusion of responsibility

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the medical model of psychological disorders?

Accepted Answer

Psychological disorders are viewed as illnesses with biological causes and treatments.

Question 8

A patient is diagnosed with depression and prescribed medication. Which approach to treatment does this represent?

Accepted Answer

Biomedical approach

Question 9

Which formula represents the biopsychosocial model for understanding psychological disorders?

Accepted Answer

$$Disorder = Biological + Psychological + Social$$

Question 10

A therapist uses exposure therapy to help a client overcome a phobia. Which treatment approach is being used?

Accepted Answer

Behavioral approach

Question 11

Which of the following is a key characteristic of the humanistic approach to personality?

Accepted Answer

Emphasis on free will and self-actualization

Question 12

A child who forms a secure attachment with a caregiver is likely to:

Accepted Answer

Develop healthy social relationships later in life

Question 13

Which of the following best illustrates stereotype threat?

Accepted Answer

A student performs worse on a math test after being reminded of their gender.

Question 14

Which equation best represents the relationship between attitudes and behavior according to social psychology?

Accepted Answer

$$Behavior = Attitude + Subjective Norms + Perceived Control$$

Question 15

A person believes that all elderly people are bad drivers. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Stereotype

Question 16

Which treatment approach focuses on changing maladaptive thought patterns?

Accepted Answer

Cognitive-behavioral therapy

Question 17

A psychologist explains a client's anxiety as resulting from unresolved unconscious conflicts. Which approach is being used?

Accepted Answer

Psychoanalytic approach

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a component of the medical model?

Accepted Answer

Emphasis on unconscious motives

Question 19

A person who blames their own failure on external factors but attributes others' failures to internal causes is demonstrating:

Accepted Answer

Actor-observer bias

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the main goal of social psychology research on conformity?

Accepted Answer

To understand how and why individuals change their behavior to match group norms

Final Exam Study Guide: Personality, Social Behavior, Psychological Disorders, and Treatment

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