Question 1

Which of the following best describes the process of synaptic pruning in early brain development?

Accepted Answer

The elimination of unused neural connections to increase efficiency.

Question 2

A newborn's head accounts for approximately what percentage of their total body length at birth?

Accepted Answer

$$25\%$$

Question 3

Which lobe of the brain is primarily responsible for vision?

Accepted Answer

Occipital lobe

Question 4

A baby who is able to sit alone and shows interest in foods but still appears hungry after bottle feeding is likely ready for:

Accepted Answer

Solid foods

Question 5

Which of the following is a benefit of breastfeeding for mothers?

Accepted Answer

Lower risk of breast and ovarian cancer

Question 6

Which reflex is present at birth and may have an evolutionary survival function, such as grasping onto a parent?

Accepted Answer

Palmer grasp

Question 7

A toddler who uses the phrase 'Daddy help me up?' instead of 'Please help me hold onto the monkey bars, Dad.' is demonstrating which type of speech?

Accepted Answer

Telegraphic speech

Question 8

According to Erikson, what is the primary psychosocial crisis faced by infants (0-2 years old)?

Accepted Answer

Trust vs. Mistrust

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the concept of 'goodness of fit' in temperament?

Accepted Answer

The match between a child's temperament and the caregiver's interaction style

Question 10

A child who calls all four-legged animals 'dog' is demonstrating which language error?

Accepted Answer

Overextension

Question 11

Which of the following is a sign that an infant is developing binocular vision?

Accepted Answer

Ability to combine input from both eyes to perceive depth

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the process of myelination in early brain development?

Accepted Answer

The covering of neurons with a fatty sheath to speed up signal transmission

Question 13

A child who touches a red dot on their own nose after seeing their reflection in a mirror is demonstrating:

Accepted Answer

Self-recognition

Question 14

Which of the following is a characteristic of the 'easy' temperament in infants?

Accepted Answer

Quick to adapt to new situations and generally positive mood

Question 15

Which of the following is a key criticism of Piaget's theory of cognitive development in infants?

Accepted Answer

He underestimated infants' abilities, such as object permanence

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the difference between assimilation and accommodation in Piaget's theory?

Accepted Answer

Assimilation is adding to an existing schema; accommodation is modifying or creating a new schema.

Question 17

A child who says 'I goed to the store' instead of 'I went to the store' is demonstrating which language phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

Overgeneralization

Question 18

Which of the following is a recommended safe sleep practice to reduce the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)?

Accepted Answer

Placing infants on their backs to sleep on a firm mattress

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the 'A not B error' in object permanence tasks?

Accepted Answer

Searching for an object in its original location even after seeing it moved to a new one

Question 20

Which of the following is a sign of marasmus in infants?

Accepted Answer

Severe wasting due to insufficient calories and protein

Infant and Toddler Development: Physical, Cognitive, and Social/Emotional Foundations

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