Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main criticism of Francis Galton's theory that intelligence is a byproduct of sensory capacity?

Accepted Answer

Research found that different sensory capacities were only weakly related to each other and not related to intelligence.

Question 2

According to Binet, how would you classify an 8-year-old child with a mental age of 5?

Accepted Answer

Mentally deficient

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT one of the abilities that the 1921 panel of experts agreed constitutes intelligence?

Accepted Answer

Ability to memorize large amounts of information instantly

Question 4

Spearman's concept of general intelligence ($$g) is $$supported by which of the following findings?

Accepted Answer

Positive correlations among all items on intelligence tests

Question 5

Which of the following best illustrates the difference between fluid and crystallized intelligence?

Accepted Answer

Solving a new type of puzzle uses fluid intelligence, while recalling the capital of Nunavut uses crystallized intelligence.

Question 6

According to Cattell and Horn, what typically happens to fluid and crystallized intelligence as people age?

Accepted Answer

Fluid intelligence declines, while crystallized intelligence remains stable or increases.

Question 7

Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences was supported in part by observations of which group?

Accepted Answer

Autistic savants with exceptional ability in a limited domain

Question 8

Which of the following is a weakness of Sternberg's triarchic model of intelligence?

Accepted Answer

Practical intelligence is not independent of $$g$$ and is difficult to link causally to job performance.

Question 9

Why are self-reports of intelligence considered unreliable?

Accepted Answer

They only correlate 0.2 to 0.3 with objective measures and are affected by metacognitive errors.

Question 10

Given the formula for IQ: $$	ext{IQ} = \frac{	ext{Mental Age}}{	ext{Chronological Age}} 	imes 100$$, what is the IQ of a 10-year-old child with a mental age of 12?

Accepted Answer

$$120$$

Question 11

Which of the following is a primary goal of culture-fair intelligence tests?

Accepted Answer

To minimize cultural bias so that individuals from different backgrounds are not penalized.

Question 12

The eugenics movement misused IQ testing by:

Accepted Answer

Promoting policies like forced sterilization and restrictive immigration based on test results.

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT one of the five scores generated by the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)?

Accepted Answer

Emotional intelligence

Question 14

Why do SAT and GRE scores tend to predict first-year university grades better than later years?

Accepted Answer

Later academic performance is influenced more by motivation, effort, and other factors beyond what these tests measure.

Question 15

Which of the following statements about the reliability of IQ scores is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

IQ scores in adults are highly stable over time, but are unstable in children under three.

Question 16

A person with an IQ below 70, onset before adulthood, and difficulties with adaptive functioning would be classified as having:

Accepted Answer

Intellectual disability

Question 17

What did Terman's longitudinal study of 'Termites' (children with high IQs) reveal?

Accepted Answer

Highly intelligent children were not more likely to 'burn out' or develop mental illness.

Question 18

If identical twins raised apart have similar IQs to those raised together, what does this suggest about intelligence?

Accepted Answer

Genetic factors play a significant role in intelligence.

Question 19

Which of the following environmental factors is most likely to lead to lower IQ scores in children, according to research?

Accepted Answer

Chronic poverty, poor nutrition, and exposure to lead

Question 20

The Flynn Effect refers to which phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

The average IQ of the population has been rising by about 3 points every 10 years.

Intelligence and IQ Testing: Controversy and Consensus (Chapter 9 Study Notes)

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

Study guide - Flashcard