Question 1

According to Gordon Allport's trait theory, which type of trait is most likely to direct most of a person's activities and is considered a defining feature of their personality?

Accepted Answer

Cardinal trait

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT one of the Big Five personality traits?

Accepted Answer

Honesty-Humility

Question 3

A person who is described as 'sociable, outgoing, and energetic' would likely score high on which Big Five trait?

Accepted Answer

Extraversion

Question 4

The HEXACO model of personality adds which additional factor to the Big Five?

Accepted Answer

Honesty-Humility

Question 5

According to the maturity principle, how do personality traits typically change as people age?

Accepted Answer

People become more dominant, agreeable, conscientious, and emotionally stable

Question 6

Which approach to personality emphasizes that humans are infinitely changeable through learning new behavior patterns?

Accepted Answer

Behaviourist perspective

Question 7

Bandura's concept of reciprocal determinism suggests that personality is shaped by the interaction between which three factors?

Accepted Answer

Behaviour, cognition, and environment

Question 8

Self-efficacy refers to:

Accepted Answer

A person's belief in their ability to succeed in specific situations

Question 9

Which of the following statements best describes a collectivist culture?

Accepted Answer

Values social harmony and group needs over individual needs

Question 10

The Minnesota study of twins found that identical twins raised in different households:

Accepted Answer

Were as similar as those raised in the same household

Question 11

According to Freud, which component of personality operates on the pleasure principle and seeks immediate gratification?

Accepted Answer

Id

Question 12

A person who retreats to childish behaviors when under stress is using which defense mechanism?

Accepted Answer

Regression

Question 13

Which psychosexual stage, according to Freud, is associated with pleasure in sucking and eating, and may result in oral fixations if not properly resolved?

Accepted Answer

Oral stage

Question 14

Carl Jung introduced which important distinction in personality theory?

Accepted Answer

Introversion vs. extraversion

Question 15

According to research by Rohrer et al. (2015), birth order has which effect on personality traits?

Accepted Answer

No lasting impact on personality traits, but slight effect on intelligence

Question 16

Which personality assessment involves asking people to respond to ambiguous stimuli, such as inkblots or pictures?

Accepted Answer

Projective tests (e.g., Rorschach, TAT)

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of psychopathy as described in the Dark Triad?

Accepted Answer

High empathy

Question 18

A person who is manipulative, cynical, and thrives in environments requiring strategic manipulation is most likely high in which Dark Triad trait?

Accepted Answer

Machiavellianism

Question 19

According to Carl Rogers, what is the result of a discrepancy between one's 'ideal self' and 'true self'?

Accepted Answer

Anxiety and dissatisfaction

Question 20

Which of the following statements about the Big Five traits is supported by cross-cultural research?

Accepted Answer

Traits are observed across cultures, but their emphasis may vary

Personality: Major Theories, Traits, and Assessment in Psychology

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