Question 1

Which of the following best describes the 'trait approach' to personality?

Accepted Answer

Personality consists of broad, lasting dispositions that lead people to behave in predictable ways.

Question 2

According to the Big Five model, which trait is most consistently associated with higher GPAs, better work performance, and longer life?

Accepted Answer

Conscientiousness

Question 3

A person who is highly organized, dependable, and self-disciplined would likely score high on which Big Five trait?

Accepted Answer

Conscientiousness

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT one of the criteria for a behavior to qualify as a personality trait according to the trait approach?

Accepted Answer

Behaviors must be influenced by unconscious motives.

Question 5

Which Big Five trait is positively associated with experiencing more negative emotions and a higher risk of psychological disorders?

Accepted Answer

Neuroticism

Question 6

A meta-analysis found that personality becomes more stable until about age 25, then plateaus. What is the approximate correlation coefficient $$r$$ for personality stability over time according to this research?

Accepted Answer

$$r = 0.5$$

Question 7

Which approach to personality emphasizes the capacity for human beings to change and grow, focusing on self-actualization?

Accepted Answer

Humanistic approach

Question 8

Which of the following is a limitation of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) as discussed in the study materials?

Accepted Answer

It lacks proven scientific worth and reliability.

Question 9

A person who enjoys new experiences, is intellectually curious, and appreciates art and beauty would likely score high on which Big Five trait?

Accepted Answer

Openness to experience

Question 10

Which Big Five trait is most strongly and negatively associated with criminal behavior and substance abuse?

Accepted Answer

Conscientiousness

Question 11

Which personality trait is positively associated with impulse buying and higher psychological well-being?

Accepted Answer

Extraversion

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT included in the Big Five personality traits?

Accepted Answer

Optimism

Question 13

Which method of personality assessment is most likely to be influenced by social desirability bias?

Accepted Answer

Self-report questionnaires

Question 14

According to the study materials, which Big Five trait is positively related to generosity, altruism, and more satisfying relationships, but negatively related to lifetime earnings?

Accepted Answer

Agreeableness

Question 15

Which of the following statements about personality change over the lifespan is supported by research?

Accepted Answer

Personality becomes more stable until about age 25, then plateaus.

Question 16

A psychologist wants to measure personality using a brief, reliable tool that correlates well with the Big Five and is validated in multiple languages. Which instrument should they use?

Accepted Answer

Ten-Item Personality Index (TIPI)

Question 17

Which approach to personality would most likely focus on how a person's beliefs and expectations influence their behavior in different situations?

Accepted Answer

Social cognitive approach

Question 18

If a researcher reverse scores an item on a personality test, what does this mean mathematically? For a 7-point scale, what is the reverse score of a response of 2?

Accepted Answer

$$8 - 2 = 6$$

Question 19

Which of the following is an example of 'rejection sensitivity' as described in the study materials?

Accepted Answer

A person who perceives ambiguous or mild social behaviors as rejections.

Question 20

Which Big Five trait is most strongly associated with higher cognitive functioning across the lifespan and pursuing entrepreneurial goals?

Accepted Answer

Openness to experience

Personality: Perspectives, Measurement, and Development Across the Lifespan

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

Study guide - Flashcard