Question 1

Which of the following is NOT one of the four main characteristics used to identify psychological disorders?

Accepted Answer

Delirium

Question 2

A psychologist is evaluating a patient who is experiencing significant distress, but their behavior is not considered deviant or dangerous. According to the criteria for psychological disorders, which characteristic is missing for a full diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Dysfunction

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the concept of 'downward drift' in the context of psychological disorders?

Accepted Answer

A decrease in socioeconomic status due to impairment from having a psychological disorder

Question 4

A child who displays behaviors that are developmentally appropriate at age 5 but problematic at age 12 is best described by which concept?

Accepted Answer

Developmental trajectory

Question 5

Which historical figure is credited with introducing the concept of 'hysteria' and identifying hallucinations, delusions, melancholia, and mania?

Accepted Answer

Hippocrates

Question 6

During the Middle Ages, what was a common explanation for negative behaviors?

Accepted Answer

They were the work of the devil

Question 7

Which of the following best illustrates the diathesis-stress model?

Accepted Answer

A person with a genetic vulnerability develops depression after losing their job

Question 8

According to the biological perspective, which of the following is NOT considered a primary cause of psychological disorders?

Accepted Answer

Distorted cognitive processes

Question 9

Aaron Beck’s cognitive triad, which is central to understanding depression, includes negative thoughts about which three domains?

Accepted Answer

Self, world, and future

Question 10

Which therapeutic approach is most closely associated with Carl Rogers and emphasizes genuineness, empathic understanding, and unconditional positive regard?

Accepted Answer

Client-centered therapy

Question 11

A psychologist using exposure therapy and systematic desensitization is most likely working from which psychological perspective?

Accepted Answer

Behavioral

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the scientist-practitioner model?

Accepted Answer

Psychologists rely on research findings when providing treatment

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of a culture-bound syndrome?

Accepted Answer

A disorder that is specific to a particular location or group

Question 14

Which of the following statements about the prevalence of psychological disorders is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Psychological disorders exist in substantial numbers across all ages, racial/ethnic groups, cultures, sexes, and genders

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the main focus of the cognitive-behavioral perspective?

Accepted Answer

The reciprocal relationships between thoughts, feelings, and behaviors

Question 16

A therapist helps a client modify distorted thought processes to treat depression. This approach is most consistent with which psychological perspective?

Accepted Answer

Cognitive

Question 17

Which of the following is a key difference between the psychodynamic and humanistic perspectives?

Accepted Answer

The psychodynamic perspective emphasizes unconscious forces, while the humanistic perspective emphasizes conscious experience and self-actualization

Question 18

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of emotional contagion as described in the Middle Ages?

Accepted Answer

A group of people sharing and transferring moods among each other, leading to mass hysteria

Question 19

Which of the following is a primary diagnostic guide for psychological disorders that focuses on symptoms and scientific basis?

Accepted Answer

DSM-5-TR

Question 20

According to the biopsychosocial model, which of the following statements is most accurate?

Accepted Answer

No single model can fully explain any psychological disorder; multiple factors contribute

Psychological Disorders: Historical and Modern Perspectives

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

Study guide - Flashcard