Question 1

A patient can remember events from childhood but is unable to form new long-term memories after a brain injury. Which type of amnesia does this patient most likely have?

Accepted Answer

Anterograde amnesia

Question 2

Which of the following best describes the process of encoding in memory?

Accepted Answer

Getting information into memory by processing sensory input and giving it meaning

Question 3

A student is able to recall the first few items on a long list better than those in the middle. This is most likely due to which effect?

Accepted Answer

Primacy effect

Question 4

Which component of working memory is responsible for temporarily holding and repeating auditory or verbal information?

Accepted Answer

Phonological loop

Question 5

A person repeatedly calls their new coworker by the name of a previous coworker. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Proactive interference

Question 6

Which of the following best distinguishes explicit memory from implicit memory?

Accepted Answer

Explicit memory involves conscious recall of facts and events; implicit memory influences behavior automatically

Question 7

A child learning to ride a bicycle without consciously thinking about each movement is relying on which type of memory?

Accepted Answer

Procedural memory

Question 8

According to the multi-store model of memory, what is the approximate duration and capacity of short-term/working memory?

Accepted Answer

Duration: about 15-30 seconds; Capacity: 5-9 meaningful items

Question 9

Which study strategy is most effective for moving information from short-term to long-term memory?

Accepted Answer

Elaborative rehearsal

Question 10

A person is unable to recall the name of a familiar actor, even though they feel they know it. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon

Question 11

Which brain structure is most critical for forming and consolidating new long-term memories?

Accepted Answer

Hippocampus

Question 12

Which of the following best defines a morpheme?

Accepted Answer

The smallest unit of meaning in a language

Question 13

A child says 'goed' instead of 'went' when learning English. Which theory of language acquisition best explains this overgeneralization?

Accepted Answer

Chomsky’s nativist theory

Question 14

Damage to which brain area would most likely result in difficulty producing speech, while comprehension remains relatively intact?

Accepted Answer

Broca’s area

Question 15

Which of the following is an example of extralinguistic information affecting communication?

Accepted Answer

Raising your voice to indicate sarcasm

Question 16

A bilingual child initially mixes words from both languages but, by age 4, can separate them. This developmental pattern supports which idea?

Accepted Answer

Early exposure helps children distinguish between languages over time

Question 17

Which reading phenomenon demonstrates that automatic word recognition can interfere with naming the ink colour of a word?

Accepted Answer

Stroop effect

Question 18

A person learns a new phone number by grouping the digits into sections (e.g., (416) 979-5000). This strategy is known as:

Accepted Answer

Chunking

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the difference between maintenance rehearsal and elaborative rehearsal?

Accepted Answer

Maintenance rehearsal is simple repetition; elaborative rehearsal involves connecting information to meaning or examples

Question 20

A person who speaks two languages from early childhood is likely to:

Accepted Answer

Use similar brain areas for both languages and show enhanced metalinguistic awareness

Psychology Study Guide: Memory and Language (Chapters 7 & 8)

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

Study guide - Flashcard