Question 1

Which of the following best describes a null hypothesis in hypothesis testing?

Accepted Answer

A statement of equality about a population parameter, such as $$\mu = 10.$$

Question 2

A pharmaceutical company claims that its new drug reduces average recovery time to less than 5 days. Which is the correct way to state the null and alternative hypotheses?

Accepted Answer

$$H_0$$: \mu \geq 5$$; H_a$$: \mu \u003c 5$$

Question 3

What is a Type I error in the context of hypothesis testing?

Accepted Answer

Rejecting the null hypothesis when it is true.

Question 4

A school claims that 61% of its students participate in extracurricular activities. Which test should be used to evaluate if the actual proportion is different from 61%?

Accepted Answer

A two-tailed test

Question 5

If the P-value for a hypothesis test is $$0.03$$ and the level of significance is $$\alpha = 0.05$$, what is the correct decision?

Accepted Answer

Reject the null hypothesis.

Question 6

Which of the following is the correct interpretation if you fail to reject the null hypothesis in a test where the claim is $$H_0$$: p = 0.61$$?

Accepted Answer

There is not enough evidence to reject the claim that $$p = 0.61.$$

Question 7

A car dealership claims the mean oil change time is less than 15 minutes. Which of the following best describes the nature of the test?

Accepted Answer

Left-tailed test

Question 8

Which of the following is the probability of making a Type I error?

Accepted Answer

$$\alpha$$

Question 9

A medical researcher wants to support the claim that a new treatment reduces mean recovery time to less than 96 hours. How should the hypotheses be stated?

Accepted Answer

$$H_0$$: \mu \geq 96$$; H_a$$: \mu \u003c 96$$

Question 10

Which of the following best describes a P-value?

Accepted Answer

The probability, if the null hypothesis is true, of obtaining a sample statistic as extreme or more extreme than the observed value.

Question 11

A company advertises that the mean life of its furnaces is more than 18 years. What is the correct alternative hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

$$H_a: \mu \u003e 18$$

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a step in the hypothesis testing process?

Accepted Answer

Accept the null hypothesis if the P-value is small.

Question 13

In a right-tailed test, which inequality symbol is used in the alternative hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

\u003e

Question 14

If a Type II error occurs in a medical test for a dangerous disease, what is the consequence?

Accepted Answer

A sick person is incorrectly diagnosed as healthy.

Question 15

Which of the following strategies should a researcher use if they want to support a claim using hypothesis testing?

Accepted Answer

State the claim as the alternative hypothesis.

Hypothesis Testing with One Sample – Study Notes

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