Question 1

Which of the following best defines statistics?

Accepted Answer

The science of collecting, organizing, analyzing, and interpreting data to make decisions.

Question 2

A researcher surveys 500 college students about their study habits. The group of all college students is called the:

Accepted Answer

Population

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of a sample statistic?

Accepted Answer

The average height of 100 randomly selected high school students.

Question 4

In a study, the average SAT math score for all freshmen at a university is 514. This value is a:

Accepted Answer

Population parameter

Question 5

Which of the following statements describes inferential statistics?

Accepted Answer

Using data from a sample to draw conclusions about a population.

Question 6

A survey of 1,000 U.S. adults found that the average cost to move locally is $1692. Which part of this study is descriptive statistics?

Accepted Answer

Reporting the average cost to move locally as $1692.

Question 7

Which of the following best distinguishes a parameter from a statistic?

Accepted Answer

A parameter describes a population, while a statistic describes a sample.

Question 8

Suppose a study finds that 34% of several hundred retail stores do not store fish at the proper temperature. This 34% is:

Accepted Answer

A sample statistic

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT an example of data?

Accepted Answer

A prediction about next year’s weather based on a hunch.

Question 10

A company wants to know the average salary of all its employees. They randomly select 50 employees and calculate the average salary. Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

The average salary calculated is a sample statistic.

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the difference between descriptive and inferential statistics?

Accepted Answer

Descriptive statistics summarize data; inferential statistics make predictions or generalizations about a population.

Question 12

A researcher collects data on the number of hours students study per week and calculates the mean for her class. She then claims that all students at the university study the same amount. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Inferential statistics

Question 13

Which formula would you use to calculate the mean of a data set with $$n$$ values $$x_1$$, $$x_2$$, ..., x_n$$?

Accepted Answer

$$\displaystyle \bar{x} = \frac{1}{n} \sum_{i=1}^{n} x_i$$

Question 14

A study of 1541 U.S. workers found that 39% worry about disclosing a mental health condition to their employer. What is the population in this study?

Accepted Answer

All U.S. workers

Question 15

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the use of inferential statistics in a real-world context?

Accepted Answer

A medical researcher uses data from a clinical trial to estimate the effectiveness of a new drug for all patients.

Question 16

If a parameter is to a population as a statistic is to a ________.

Accepted Answer

Sample

Question 17

A nutritionist wants to know the average daily calorie intake of all adults in a city. She surveys 200 adults and finds an average of 2200 calories. Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

2200 calories is a sample statistic.

Question 18

Which of the following is an example of descriptive statistics?

Accepted Answer

Reporting that the average score on a test was 85 out of 100.

Question 19

A researcher wants to estimate the proportion of all voters who support a new policy. She surveys 1,000 randomly selected voters. Which of the following best describes her approach?

Accepted Answer

Using inferential statistics to generalize from the sample to the population.

Introduction to Statistics: Foundations and Key Concepts

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

Study guide - Flashcard