Design an experiment using UV-Vis spectroscopy to determine the concentration of a conjugated dye in a solution.

Prepare a series of standard solutions, measure their absorbance, and create a calibration curve to determine the unknown concentration.

Determine the core electron binding energies using x-ray spectroscopy.

Use infrared spectroscopy to measure the vibrational frequencies of the dye.

Measure the nuclear spin transitions using NMR spectroscopy.