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Fundamentals of Electrolysis definitions

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Termini in questo insieme (15)

  • Electrolysis
    Process using external electrical energy to induce chemical changes in a substance that would not occur naturally.
  • Non-spontaneous Process
    Chemical change requiring outside energy input, as it does not proceed on its own under standard conditions.
  • Electrical Current
    Flow of electric charge, measured in amperes, essential for driving reactions in electrolysis.
  • Ampere
    Unit representing one coulomb of charge passing a point per second, used to quantify electrical current.
  • Coulomb
    SI unit of electric charge, representing the quantity of electricity transported in one second by a current of one ampere.
  • Faraday's Constant
    Value expressing the charge of one mole of electrons, crucial for calculating electron transfer in reactions.
  • Cell Potential
    Electrical potential difference across electrodes, negative in non-spontaneous reactions requiring external energy.
  • Ohmic Potential
    Voltage needed to overcome resistance in the circuit when current flows during electrolysis.
  • Overpotential
    Extra voltage required to surpass activation energy barriers at electrodes, beyond theoretical cell potential.
  • Concentration Polarization
    Difference in reactant concentration at the electrode surface compared to the bulk solution, affecting reaction efficiency.
  • Resistance
    Opposition to current flow in a circuit, influencing the voltage required for electrolysis.
  • Activation Energy
    Minimum energy needed to initiate a chemical reaction at the electrode during electrolysis.
  • Electrode
    Conductive surface where oxidation or reduction occurs, facilitating electron transfer in electrolysis.
  • Bulk Solution
    Main body of the solution, distinct from the region near the electrode, with relatively uniform composition.
  • Moles of Electrons
    Quantity representing the total electrons transferred, calculated using current, time, and Faraday's constant.