$$\text{DNA} \rightarrow \text{RNA} \rightarrow \text{Protein}$$

Question 1

Which of the following correctly lists the levels of organization in the human body from least complex to most complex?

Accepted Answer

Chemical $$\rightarrow$$ cell $$\rightarrow$$ tissue $$\rightarrow$$ organ $$\rightarrow$$ organ system

Question 2

A patient’s blood sugar rises after a meal. Which feedback mechanism is most likely to restore homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

Negative feedback, which increases insulin production to lower blood sugar to normal levels

Question 3

Which of the following best describes a gradient in physiology?

Accepted Answer

A difference in concentration, pressure, or electrical charge between two adjacent regions

Question 4

Which anatomical plane divides the body into anterior and posterior sections?

Accepted Answer

Coronal (frontal)

Question 5

A patient has a wound on the lateral side of their right leg. Where is the wound located?

Accepted Answer

On the outer side of the leg, farthest from the midline

Question 6

Which of the following is a correct directional term pairing for describing the position of the heart relative to the lungs?

Accepted Answer

The heart is medial to the lungs

Question 7

Which of the following is a monomer of nucleic acids?

Accepted Answer

Nucleotide

Question 8

Which statement about hydrogen bonds is correct?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds occur when a positively charged hydrogen atom is attracted to a negatively charged atom of another molecule

Question 9

Which of the following best describes catabolic reactions?

Accepted Answer

They break down complex molecules into simpler ones, releasing energy

Question 10

A cell is placed in a hypotonic solution. What will happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

It will swell as water enters the cell

Question 11

Which of the following is true about the structure of DNA?

Accepted Answer

DNA is a double helix composed of nucleotides

Question 12

Which equation correctly represents the central dogma of molecular biology?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{DNA} ightarrow 	ext{RNA} ightarrow 	ext{Protein}$$

Question 13

Which of the following is a function of exocrine glands?

Accepted Answer

Secreting products onto epithelial surfaces or into ducts

Question 14

Which tissue type is responsible for transmitting electrical impulses throughout the body?

Accepted Answer

Nervous tissue

Question 15

Which of the following statements about membranes is correct?

Accepted Answer

Cutaneous membranes are exposed to the outside of the body

Question 16

Which phase of the cell cycle involves the separation of sister chromatids?

Accepted Answer

Anaphase

Question 17

Which of the following best describes passive transport across a cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Movement of molecules down their concentration gradient without energy input

Question 18

Which of the following is true about covalent bonds?

Accepted Answer

Covalent bonds involve the sharing of electron pairs between atoms

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct example of a codon and its translation?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Codon: AUG} ightarrow 	ext{Amino acid: Methionine}$$

Question 20

A solution has a pH of 4. Which of the following statements is correct?

Accepted Answer

The solution is acidic and has a high concentration of hydrogen ions

Anatomy & Physiology: Foundational Concepts and Tissue Organization

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