Question 1

Which of the following best explains why epithelial tissue is avascular but still able to survive and function effectively?

Accepted Answer

Epithelial tissue receives nutrients and removes waste through diffusion from the underlying vascular connective tissue.

Question 2

A patient suffers a burn that destroys the apical surface of their intestinal lining. Which functional property of epithelial tissue is most directly compromised?

Accepted Answer

Absorption of nutrients from the intestinal lumen

Question 3

Which structural feature of epithelial tissue is primarily responsible for its ability to act as a selective barrier?

Accepted Answer

Closely-packed cells connected by tight junctions

Question 4

A researcher is studying a tissue sample with a high rate of cell division, located at a site of frequent friction. Which type of tissue is most likely being observed?

Accepted Answer

Epithelial tissue

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the function of the basement membrane in epithelial tissue?

Accepted Answer

It acts as a diffusion barrier and provides structural support for epithelial cells.

Question 6

A mutation causes the loss of desmosomes in epithelial tissue. Which of the following consequences is most likely?

Accepted Answer

Reduced mechanical strength and increased risk of tissue tearing under stress

Question 7

Which of the following is a correct statement about the polarity of epithelial cells?

Accepted Answer

The apical surface is exposed to the body exterior or the lumen, while the basal surface is attached to the basement membrane.

Question 8

Which of the following cell junctions is primarily responsible for preventing the movement of substances between adjacent epithelial cells?

Accepted Answer

Tight junctions

Question 9

A biopsy of a gland reveals cells that release their products onto a free surface. Which category of epithelial tissue does this describe?

Accepted Answer

Glandular epithelium

Question 10

Which of the following best explains why microvilli are found on the apical surface of certain epithelial cells in the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

They increase the surface area for absorption.

Question 11

A patient with a genetic defect in hemidesmosomes is likely to experience which of the following symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Detachment of epithelial cells from the underlying connective tissue

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a function of epithelial tissue?

Accepted Answer

Generation of voluntary movement

Question 13

If the basement membrane is damaged, which of the following processes would be most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Diffusion of nutrients from connective tissue to epithelial cells

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the role of cell junctions in epithelial tissue?

Accepted Answer

They facilitate communication and adhesion between adjacent cells, contributing to tissue integrity.

Question 15

A tissue sample is found to be highly innervated but lacks blood vessels. Which tissue type is this most likely to be?

Accepted Answer

Epithelial tissue

Question 16

Which of the following equations best represents the relationship between the rate of diffusion ($$J$$), surface area ($$A$$), and concentration gradient ($$\Delta C) $$across an epithelial membrane, according to Fick's law?

Accepted Answer

$$J = D 	imes A 	imes \Delta C$$

Question 17

A patient presents with a rare disorder in which their epithelial tissue cannot regenerate efficiently after injury. Which property of epithelial tissue is most likely impaired?

Accepted Answer

High mitotic rate

Question 18

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the filtration function of epithelial tissue?

Accepted Answer

Passage of fluid through the glomerular epithelium in the kidney under pressure

Question 19

Which of the following statements about the basement membrane is correct?

Accepted Answer

It consists of the basal lamina (from epithelial cells) and the reticular lamina (from connective tissue).

Question 20

A scientist observes that certain epithelial cells have cilia on their apical surface. What is the most likely function of these cilia?

Accepted Answer

To move substances, such as mucus, across the epithelial surface

Epithelial Tissue: Structure, Function, and Characteristics

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