Question 1

Which of the following best describes the concept of homeostasis in the human body?

Accepted Answer

A dynamic equilibrium where internal conditions fluctuate within narrow limits.

Question 2

A patient’s blood glucose level rises to 180 mg/dL after a meal. Which homeostatic component first detects this change?

Accepted Answer

Sensor (receptor)

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of a variable regulated by homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

Blood pH

Question 4

If the body’s core temperature drops below the set point of $$37^	ext{o}C$$, which effector response is most likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

Vasoconstriction of skin blood vessels

Question 5

Which of the following best illustrates a negative feedback mechanism?

Accepted Answer

Release of insulin to lower elevated blood glucose

Question 6

A person is fasting and their blood glucose drops below the set point. Which hormone is released to restore homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

Glucagon

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a component of a homeostatic control mechanism?

Accepted Answer

Set point

Question 8

During childbirth, stretching of the cervix leads to increased secretion of oxytocin, which causes further stretching. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Positive feedback

Question 9

Which receptor type is responsible for detecting changes in blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

Baroreceptor

Question 10

If blood calcium levels fall below the set point, which hormone is released and from which gland?

Accepted Answer

Parathormone from the parathyroid gland

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the role of the control (integrating) center in homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

It determines the set point and orchestrates the appropriate response.

Question 12

A patient’s blood pH is measured at 7.0. What does this indicate regarding homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

The patient is experiencing homeostatic imbalance.

Question 13

Which of the following is a real-life example of a positive feedback loop?

Accepted Answer

Blood clotting after a vessel injury

Question 14

What is the physiological set point for blood glucose in a healthy adult?

Accepted Answer

$$100\ \mathrm{mg/dL}$$

Question 15

Which of the following statements about negative feedback is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Negative feedback opposes the initial change to restore the variable to its set point.

Question 16

A patient with diabetes cannot return their blood glucose to the set point after eating. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Homeostatic imbalance

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the function of effectors in a homeostatic control system?

Accepted Answer

They carry out the response to restore the variable to its set point.

Question 18

Which of the following is most likely to occur during a spiking fever, as an example of positive feedback?

Accepted Answer

The initial rise in temperature triggers further increases in temperature.

Question 19

Which pathway do sensors use to send information to the control center in a homeostatic mechanism?

Accepted Answer

Afferent pathway

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct sequence for a homeostatic control mechanism?

Accepted Answer

Sensor → Control center → Effector

Homeostasis: Mechanisms and Control in Human Physiology

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica