Question 1

Which of the following best describes the relationship between anatomy and physiology?

Accepted Answer

Anatomy focuses on the structure of body parts, and physiology focuses on how those parts work.

Question 2

Which organizational level is immediately above the cellular level in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Tissue

Question 3

A patient is lying face up with arms at their sides and palms facing forward. What anatomical position is this?

Accepted Answer

Supine position

Question 4

Which organ system is primarily responsible for transporting nutrients, gases, and wastes throughout the body?

Accepted Answer

Circulatory system

Question 5

Homeostasis is maintained in the body by which of the following mechanisms?

Accepted Answer

Both positive and negative feedback mechanisms

Question 6

Which of the following is an example of a negative feedback mechanism in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of blood glucose by insulin

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the dorsal body cavity?

Accepted Answer

It is located on the back side of the body and contains the brain and spinal cord.

Question 8

Which of the following correctly matches a subatomic particle with its charge?

Accepted Answer

Electron: negative

Question 9

Given an atom with atomic number $$Z = 8$$ and atomic mass $$A = 16$$, how many neutrons does it have?

Accepted Answer

$$8$$ neutrons$$\ (A - Z = 16 - 8 = 8)$$

Question 10

Which of the following is the correct definition of an isotope?

Accepted Answer

Atoms with the same number of protons and electrons but different numbers of neutrons.

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT one of the four main elements found in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Calcium

Question 12

Which of the following best describes a compound?

Accepted Answer

A substance made of two or more elements chemically bonded together.

Question 13

Which type of chemical bond involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms?

Accepted Answer

Covalent bond

Question 14

Which of the following is a synthesis reaction?

Accepted Answer

$$A + B \rightarrow AB$$

Question 15

A solution is made by dissolving $$10\ \mathrm{g} of $$NaCl in $$100\ \mathrm{mL} of $$water. What is the solute in this solution?

Accepted Answer

NaCl

Question 16

Which macromolecule is primarily responsible for storing genetic information?

Accepted Answer

Nucleic acids

Question 17

Which level of protein structure is defined by the sequence of amino acids?

Accepted Answer

Primary structure

Question 18

A patient has a mutation that changes the shape of a protein's binding site. Which level of protein structure is most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Tertiary structure

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the difference between a cation and an anion?

Accepted Answer

A cation has a positive charge, and an anion has a negative charge.

Question 20

Which of the following is an example of a decomposition reaction in the body?

Accepted Answer

$$2H_2O \rightarrow 2H_2 + O_2$

Introduction to Anatomy, Physiology, and Basic Chemistry: Study Notes

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