Question 1

Which of the following best describes the relationship between anatomy and physiology?

Accepted Answer

Physiology provides meaning to anatomy, and anatomy makes physiology possible.

Question 2

A physician uses palpation during a physical exam. What is the physician doing?

Accepted Answer

Feeling a structure with the hands.

Question 3

Which subdiscipline of anatomy focuses on the microscopic examination of tissues for signs of disease?

Accepted Answer

Histopathology

Question 4

Comparative physiology is important in biomedical research because:

Accepted Answer

It provides a basis for understanding body functions and developing new drugs and procedures.

Question 5

Which scientist is credited with establishing a code of ethics for physicians and encouraging the search for natural causes of disease?

Accepted Answer

Hippocrates

Question 6

The cell theory, which states that all organisms are composed of cells, was first proposed by:

Accepted Answer

Matthias Schleiden and Theodor Schwann

Question 7

Which of the following is an example of the inductive method in science?

Accepted Answer

Making numerous observations until confident generalizations can be made.

Question 8

A scientist claims that a new drug lowers blood pressure. According to the principle of falsifiability, what must be true about this claim?

Accepted Answer

There must be a way to specify what evidence would prove the claim wrong.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic that distinguishes living organisms from nonliving objects?

Accepted Answer

Inability to respond to stimuli

Question 10

A patient stands up quickly and experiences a drop in blood pressure. Which homeostatic mechanism restores blood pressure to normal?

Accepted Answer

Negative feedback loop

Question 11

Which of the following best illustrates positive feedback in human physiology?

Accepted Answer

Childbirth contractions intensifying until delivery

Question 12

Matter and energy tend to flow down gradients. Which of the following is an example of this principle?

Accepted Answer

Chemicals move from high concentration to low concentration.

Question 13

Which imaging technique is best for assessing the metabolic state of tissues and uses radioactively labeled glucose?

Accepted Answer

Positron emission tomography (PET)

Question 14

A researcher wants to avoid experimenter bias in a clinical trial. Which method should they use?

Accepted Answer

Double-blind method

Question 15

Which of the following is the correct order of the hierarchy of human structural complexity, from largest to smallest?

Accepted Answer

Organism, organ system, organ, tissue, cell, organelle, molecule, atom

Question 16

Which of the following is an example of anatomical variation among humans?

Accepted Answer

Some individuals have an atypical number of certain organs, such as kidneys.

Question 17

Which of the following is a reason why precise spelling is important in anatomy and physiology?

Accepted Answer

Many terms are spelled similarly but have very different meanings.

Question 18

A scientist is designing an experiment to test a new drug. Why is it important to include a control group?

Accepted Answer

To compare the effects of the drug against a group that does not receive it.

Question 19

Which of the following equations best represents the concept of dynamic equilibrium in homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Set Point} \pm 	ext{Normal Range}$$

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the role of gradients in physiological processes?

Accepted Answer

Gradients drive the movement of matter and energy, such as ions, heat, and chemicals, from areas of higher to lower concentration or pressure.

Major Themes of Anatomy and Physiology: The Unity of Form and Function

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