Which statement accurately evaluates the energy requirements and directionality of active versus passive transport?

Active transport requires energy and moves molecules against their gradient, while passive transport does not require energy and moves molecules with their gradient.

Neither active nor passive transport requires energy, and both move molecules against their gradient.

Active transport does not require energy and moves molecules with their gradient, while passive transport requires energy and moves molecules against their gradient.

Both active and passive transport require energy to move molecules with their gradient.