Question 1

Which property of carbon most directly contributes to its ability to form a diverse array of organic molecules?

Accepted Answer

Its ability to form covalent bonds with up to four different atoms

Question 2

Which of the following best describes a dehydration reaction in the synthesis of biological polymers?

Accepted Answer

Monomers are joined together by removing a molecule of water

Question 3

A hydrocarbon is composed only of carbon and hydrogen. Which statement is true about most hydrocarbons?

Accepted Answer

They are hydrophobic because they lack polar bonds

Question 4

Which functional group is present in all amino acids and acts as a base by accepting H$$^+$$ ions?

Accepted Answer

Amino group

Question 5

What is the general chemical formula for all hexose sugars?

Accepted Answer

$$C_6H_{12}O_6$

Question 6

Which of the following is a correct description of an isomer?

Accepted Answer

Compounds with the same molecular formula but different structures and properties

Question 7

Which reaction correctly represents the formation of a disaccharide from two monosaccharides?

Accepted Answer

$$C_6H_{12}O_6$ + C_6H_{12}O_6$ \rightarrow C$$_{12}$$H_{22}O$$_{11} + H_2O$

Question 8

Which of the following best explains why humans cannot digest cellulose?

Accepted Answer

Humans lack the enzymes to hydrolyze beta linkages in cellulose

Question 9

Which functional group is always found in sugars and is responsible for determining the two groups of sugars?

Accepted Answer

Carboxyl group

Question 10

What type of bond forms between two monosaccharides during the formation of a disaccharide?

Accepted Answer

Glycosidic linkage

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a class of macromolecules found in living things?

Accepted Answer

Minerals

Question 12

Which of the following is a correct example of a storage polysaccharide?

Accepted Answer

Starch

Question 13

Which functional group is present in ATP and is key to its role in energy transfer?

Accepted Answer

Phosphate group

Question 14

Which of the following best describes a polymer?

Accepted Answer

A molecule consisting of many similar or identical building blocks linked by covalent bonds

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct example of a monosaccharide?

Accepted Answer

Glucose

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct description of a functional group?

Accepted Answer

A chemical group that affects molecular function by being directly involved in chemical reactions

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct example of a structural polysaccharide?

Accepted Answer

Cellulose

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the difference between alpha and beta glucose in polysaccharides?

Accepted Answer

Alpha glucose forms starch, while beta glucose forms cellulose

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct example of a disaccharide?

Accepted Answer

Sucrose

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct description of hydrolysis?

Accepted Answer

A reaction in which a polymer is broken down with water added between the monomers

Chapter 3: Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life – Study Notes

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