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Ch. 21 - Genomes and Their Evolution
Campbell - Campbell Biology 11th Edition
Urry11th EditionCampbell BiologyISBN: 9789357423311Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Tutti i libri di testoUrry 11th EditionCh. 21 - Genomes and Their EvolutionProblema 4d
Capitolo 21, Problema 4d

Use a highlighter to color any amino acid that varies among the species. (Color that amino acid in all sequences.)
c. The O sequence differs from the C, G, R sequences at one amino acid (having V instead of A) and from the H sequence at three amino acids. Identify the O sequence.

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Examine the sequences provided for each species: Human, Mouse, Chimpanzee, Frog, and Fish. Each sequence is a string of amino acids represented by single-letter codes.
Identify the sequence labeled 'O' by comparing it to the other sequences. According to the problem, the 'O' sequence differs from the C, G, R sequences at one amino acid, having V instead of A, and from the H sequence at three amino acids.
Compare each sequence to find the one that has V instead of A at a single position when compared to the C, G, R sequences. In this case, look for a sequence that has V in a position where others have A.
Next, compare the same sequence to the H sequence to ensure it differs at exactly three positions. Count the number of differing amino acids between the potential 'O' sequence and the H sequence.
Once you have identified the sequence that meets both criteria (one difference with C, G, R and three differences with H), highlight the amino acids that vary among the species in all sequences.

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Amino Acid Sequence Comparison

Amino acid sequence comparison involves analyzing the sequences of proteins from different species to identify similarities and differences. This process helps in understanding evolutionary relationships and functional similarities. In the given table, each row represents a species, and each column represents a position in the protein sequence, allowing for direct comparison of amino acids at each position.
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04:37
Amino Acids

Sequence Variation

Sequence variation refers to differences in the amino acid sequences among different species. These variations can indicate evolutionary divergence or adaptation to different environments. In the context of the question, identifying variations, such as the presence of 'V' instead of 'A', is crucial for distinguishing the O sequence from others.
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01:03
Dideoxy Sequencing

Evolutionary Relationships

Evolutionary relationships are inferred from the degree of similarity or difference in genetic or protein sequences among species. Closely related species tend to have more similar sequences. In this question, the task is to identify the O sequence by comparing it to other sequences, which can provide insights into how closely related the species are based on their protein sequences.
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02:45
History of Evolutionary Theory Example 1
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Use a highlighter to color any amino acid that varies among the species. (Color that amino acid in all sequences.)

e. Primates and rodents diverged between 60 and 100 million years ago, and chimpanzees and humans about 6 million years ago. Compare the amino acid differences between the mouse and the C, G, R species with those between the human and the C, G, R species. What can you conclude?

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Domanda del libro di testo

Two eukaryotic proteins have one domain in common but are otherwise very different. Which of the following processes is most likely to have contributed to this similarity?

a. Gene duplication

b. Alternative splicing

c. Exon shuffling

d. Random point mutations

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Domanda del libro di testo

Use a highlighter to color any amino acid that varies among the species. (Color that amino acid in all sequences.)

a. The C, G, R sequences are identical. Identify which lines correspond to those sequences.


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Domanda del libro di testo

Use a highlighter to color any amino acid that varies among the species. (Color that amino acid in all sequences.)

d. In the M sequence, circle the amino acid(s) that differ from the C, G, R sequences, and draw a square around those that differ from the H sequence.

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Domanda del libro di testo

Use a highlighter to color any amino acid that varies among the species. (Color that amino acid in all sequences.)

b. The H sequence differs from that of the C, G, R species at two amino acids. Underline the two differences in the H sequence.

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