Domanda del libro di testo
How does the hydrolysis of ATP result in the movement of a motor protein along a cytoskeletal filament?
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Ch. 7 - Inside the Cell
Freeman8th EditionBiological ScienceISBN: 9780138276263
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TOC.tableOfContents
- Ch. 1 - Biology: The Study of Life13
- Ch. 2 - Water and Carbon: The Chemical Basis of Life14
- Ch.3 - Protein Structure and Function10
- Ch.4 - Nucleic Acids and the RNA World10
- Ch. 5 - An Introduction to Carbohydrates10
- Ch. 6 - Lipids, Membranes, and the First Cells11
- Ch. 7 - Inside the Cell10
- Ch. 8 - Energy and Enzymes: An Introduction to Metabolism10
- Ch. 9 - Cellular Respiration and Fermentation11
- Ch. 10 - Photosynthesis12
- Ch. 11 - Cell-Cell Interactions12
- Ch. 12 - The Cell Cycle8
- Ch. 13 - Meiosis12
- Ch. 14 - Mendel and the Gene23
- Ch. 15 - DNA and the Gene: Synthesis and Repair15
- Ch. 16 - How Genes Work16
- Ch. 17 - Transcription, RNA Processing, and Translation16
- Ch. 18 - Control of Gene Expression in Bacteria16
- Ch. 19 - Control of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes12
- Ch. 20 - The Molecular Revolution: Biotechnology, Genomics, and New Frontiers15
- Ch. 21 - Genes, Development, and Evolution12
- Ch. 22 - Evolution by Natural Selection16
- Ch. 23 - Evolutionary Processes13
- Ch. 24 - Speciation15
- Ch. 25 - Phylogenies and the History of Life13
- Ch. 26 - Bacteria and Archaea15
- Ch. 27 - Diversification of Eukaryotes16
- Ch. 28 - Green Algae and Land Plants16
- Ch. 29 - Fungi18
- Ch. 30 - An Introduction to Animals9
- Ch. 31 - Protostome Animals15
- Ch. 32 - Deuterostome Animals17
- Ch. 33 - Viruses16
- Ch. 34 - Plant Form and Function16
- Ch. 35 - Water and Sugar Transport in Plants16
- Ch. 36 - Plant Nutrition13
- Ch. 37 - Plant Sensory Systems, Signals, and Responses16
- Ch. 38 - Flowering Plant Reproduction and Development16
- Ch. 39 - Animal Form and Function17
- Ch. 40 - Water and Electrolyte Balance in Animals16
- Ch. 41 - Animal Nutrition16
- Ch. 42 - Gas Exchange and Circulation16
- Ch. 43 - Animal Nervous Systems16
- Ch. 44 - Animal Sensory Systems16
- Ch. 45 - Animal Movement11
- Ch. 46 - Chemical Signals in Animals16
- Ch. 47 - Animal Reproduction and Development16
- Ch. 48 - The Immune System in Animals16
- Ch. 49 - An Introduction to Ecology15
- Ch. 50 - Behavioral Ecology16
- Ch. 51 - Population Ecology16
- Ch. 52 - Community Ecology20
- Ch. 53 - Ecosystems and Global Ecology17
- Ch. 54 - Biodiversity and Conservation Ecology18
Freeman8th EditionBiological ScienceISBN: 9780138276263Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Capitolo 7, Problema 7
Most of the proteins that enter the nucleus possess a nuclear localization signal (NLS), even if they are small enough to pass through the nuclear pore complex unhindered. Why would a small protein have an NLS, when it naturally diffuses across the nuclear pore complex without one?
Guida verificata passo dopo passo1
Step 1: Understand the concept of Nuclear Localization Signal (NLS). NLS is a peptide sequence that 'tags' a protein for import into the cell nucleus by nuclear transport. It is essential for the protein to be recognized and transported into the nucleus.
Step 2: Understand the concept of nuclear pore complex. The nuclear pore complex is a large protein complex that spans the nuclear envelope, which is the double membrane surrounding the eukaryotic cell nucleus. It regulates the movement of molecules from the cytoplasm to the nucleus and vice versa.
Step 3: Consider the role of NLS in protein transport. Even though small proteins can diffuse across the nuclear pore complex, the presence of an NLS ensures that the protein is actively transported into the nucleus. This active transport is faster and more efficient than simple diffusion.
Step 4: Understand the importance of protein localization. Proteins need to be in the right place at the right time to function correctly. Even if a protein can diffuse into the nucleus, it might not do so at the right time or in the right amounts without an NLS.
Step 5: Conclude that the presence of an NLS on a small protein ensures its efficient and timely transport into the nucleus, which is crucial for the protein's function.
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Nuclear Localization Signal (NLS)
A nuclear localization signal (NLS) is a specific amino acid sequence that directs proteins to the nucleus. This signal is recognized by nuclear transport receptors, which facilitate the protein's import into the nucleus, ensuring that essential proteins are correctly localized for their functions.
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06:10
Signal Amplification
Nuclear Pore Complex (NPC)
The nuclear pore complex (NPC) is a large protein structure that spans the nuclear envelope, allowing the transport of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. While small molecules can diffuse freely through the NPC, larger proteins require specific signals, like the NLS, to be actively transported, ensuring proper cellular function.
Video consigliato:
Percorso guidato
06:15Origin of Complex Traits
Protein Function and Regulation
Proteins often have specific functions that depend on their localization within the cell. The presence of an NLS in small proteins, despite their ability to diffuse, may serve as a regulatory mechanism to ensure that these proteins are concentrated in the nucleus when needed, thus maintaining cellular homeostasis and responding to various signals.
Video consigliato:
03:54Membrane Protein Functions
Pratica correlata
Domanda del libro di testo
The eukaryotic cytoskeleton is a highly dynamic network of filaments and motor proteins. Which of the following correctly describe activities of these cytoskeletal components? Select True or False for each statement.
T/FMyosin motors walk toward the plus ends of intermediate filaments.
T/FDynein motors are responsible for the whip-like movement of eukaryotic flagella.
T/FKinesin motors move vesicles along tracks toward the microtubule-organizing center.
T/FActin filaments are required for cytoplasmic streaming.
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Domanda del libro di testo
Cells that line your intestines are known to possess a large number of membrane proteins that transport small molecules and ions across the plasma membrane. Which of the following cell structures would you expect to be required for this characteristic of the cells?
a. The endoplasmic reticulum
b. Peroxisomes
c. Lysosomes
d. The cell wall
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Domanda del libro di testo
George Palade's research group used the pulse–chase assay to elucidate the secretory pathway in pancreatic cells. If they had instead performed this assay on muscle cells, where would you expect the labeled proteins to end up during the chase?
(Muscle cells consist primarily of actin and myosin filaments and have high energy demands for muscle contraction.)
2069
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Domanda del libro di testo
Which of the following cell structures would you expect to be most important in the growth of bacteria on the surface of your teeth?
a. Cell wall
b. Fimbriae
c. Flagella
d. Cilia
1716
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Domanda del libro di testo
When analyzing a sample of cells from a patient, you find the lysosomes are filled with undigested material. This observation makes you think that the lysosomes are not functioning properly. What are three different defects that could be responsible for malfunctioning lysosomes?
1837
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