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Ch. 2 - Limits
Briggs - Calculus: Early Transcendentals 3rd Edition
Briggs3rd EditionCalculus: Early TranscendentalsISBN: 9780136847243Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Capitolo 2, Problema 2.1.19

Consider the position function s(t)=−16t^2+100t. Complete the following table with the appropriate average velocities. Then make a conjecture about the value of the instantaneous velocity at t=3. <IMAGE>

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Step 1: Understand the problem.
We are given a position function \( s(t) = -16t^2 + 100t \) and need to find average velocities over certain intervals and make a conjecture about the instantaneous velocity at \( t = 3 \).
Step 2: Calculate the average velocity over an interval \([a, b]\).
The average velocity \( v_{avg} \) over an interval \([a, b]\) is given by the formula:
\[ v_{avg} = \frac{s(b) - s(a)}{b - a} \]
Apply this formula to the intervals given in the table.
Step 3: Evaluate the position function at the endpoints of each interval.
For example, if the interval is \([3, 3.1]\), calculate \( s(3) \) and \( s(3.1) \).
\[ s(3) = -16(3)^2 + 100(3) \]
\[ s(3.1) = -16(3.1)^2 + 100(3.1) \]
Step 4: Substitute the values into the average velocity formula.
Using the example interval \([3, 3.1]\):
\[ v_{avg} = \frac{s(3.1) - s(3)}{3.1 - 3} \]
Repeat this process for each interval in the table.
Step 5: Make a conjecture about the instantaneous velocity at \( t = 3 \).
As the intervals get smaller and approach \( t = 3 \), observe the trend in the average velocities. This trend will help you conjecture the instantaneous velocity at \( t = 3 \), which is the derivative \( s'(t) \) evaluated at \( t = 3 \).

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Position Function

A position function describes the location of an object at a given time. In this case, s(t) = -16t² + 100t represents the height of an object in free fall, where 't' is time in seconds. Understanding how to interpret this function is crucial for analyzing motion and calculating velocities.
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Relations and Functions

Average Velocity

Average velocity is defined as the change in position over the change in time, calculated as (s(t2) - s(t1)) / (t2 - t1). It provides a measure of how fast an object is moving over a specific interval. Completing the table with average velocities helps in understanding the object's motion between different time points.
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Derivatives Applied To Velocity

Instantaneous Velocity

Instantaneous velocity is the velocity of an object at a specific moment in time, found by taking the derivative of the position function. It represents the object's speed and direction at that exact time. Making a conjecture about the instantaneous velocity at t=3 involves evaluating the derivative of the position function at that point.
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Derivatives Applied To Velocity