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Ch. 8 - Techniques of Integration
Hass - Thomas' Calculus 15th Edition
Hass15th EditionThomas' CalculusISBN: 9780137616077Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Capitolo 8, Problema 8.7.1i

The instructions for the integrals in Exercises 1–10 have three parts, one for the Midpoint Rule, one for the Trapezoidal Rule, and one for Simpson’s Rule.
III. Using Simpson's Rule
b. Evaluate the integral directly and find |ES|.
∫ from 1 to 2 of x dx

Guida verificata passo dopo passo
1
Identify the integral to be evaluated: \(\int_{1}^{2} x \, dx\).
Recall the formula for the exact value of a definite integral: \(\int_{a}^{b} f(x) \, dx = F(b) - F(a)\), where \(F(x)\) is an antiderivative of \(f(x)\).
Find the antiderivative of \(f(x) = x\). Since the derivative of \(\frac{1}{2}x^{2}\) is \(x\), we have \(F(x) = \frac{1}{2}x^{2}\).
Evaluate the definite integral by substituting the limits: calculate \(F(2) - F(1) = \frac{1}{2} \times 2^{2} - \frac{1}{2} \times 1^{2}\).
To find the error bound \(|E_{S}|\) for Simpson's Rule, recall the error formula: \(|E_{S}| \leq \frac{(b - a)^{5}}{180 n^{4}} \max_{a \leq x \leq b} |f^{(4)}(x)|\). Since \(f(x) = x\) is a polynomial of degree 1, its fourth derivative is zero, so the error bound \(|E_{S}|\) is zero.

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Simpson's Rule

Simpson's Rule is a numerical method for approximating definite integrals by dividing the interval into an even number of subintervals and fitting parabolas through the function values. It generally provides more accurate results than the Midpoint or Trapezoidal Rules for smooth functions.
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Exact Evaluation of Definite Integrals

Exact evaluation involves finding the precise value of a definite integral using antiderivatives and the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus. For ∫ from 1 to 2 of x dx, the antiderivative is (1/2)x², evaluated at the limits to get the exact area.
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Error Bound in Simpson's Rule (|ES|)

The error bound |ES| estimates the maximum difference between the exact integral and the Simpson's Rule approximation. It depends on the fourth derivative of the function and the width of the subintervals, providing insight into the accuracy of the numerical approximation.
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