Question 1

Which statement best explains the difference between a scientific law and a scientific theory?

Accepted Answer

A law summarizes a series of related observations; a theory gives the underlying reasons for them.

Question 2

Graphite and diamond are both made of carbon atoms. Why do they have such different properties?

Accepted Answer

Their atoms are arranged in different geometrical patterns.

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of a physical change?

Accepted Answer

Boiling water to produce steam.

Question 4

A sample of sand and salt is mixed together. What type of mixture is this?

Accepted Answer

Heterogeneous mixture

Question 5

Which separation technique would be most appropriate to separate a mixture of sand and water?

Accepted Answer

Decanting

Question 6

Which of the following is a chemical property?

Accepted Answer

Flammability

Question 7

Which statement about energy is correct according to the law of conservation of energy?

Accepted Answer

Energy is neither created nor destroyed in a physical or chemical change.

Question 8

Which of the following is an example of a derived unit?

Accepted Answer

Density ($$\frac{g}{mL})$$

Question 9

A child has a temperature of $$40.00\ ^\circ\mathrm{C}. $$What is the temperature in Kelvin?

Accepted Answer

$$313.15\ \mathrm{K}$$

Question 10

Which temperature scale has no negative values?

Accepted Answer

Kelvin

Question 11

A graduated cylinder shows a reading of $$5.37\ \mathrm{mL}. $$How many significant figures does this measurement have?

Accepted Answer

3

Question 12

Which of the following numbers has 4 significant figures?

Accepted Answer

140.0

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of an exact number?

Accepted Answer

12 eggs in a carton

Question 14

A sample of mercury has a volume of $$95\ \mathrm{mL}$$ and a density of $$13.6\ \frac{g}{cm^3$}. $$What is its mass in grams?

Accepted Answer

$$1292\ \mathrm{g}$$

Question 15

Which prefix represents $$10^{-6} in $$the metric system?

Accepted Answer

micro

Question 16

Which of the following best describes a compound?

Accepted Answer

A substance composed of two or more elements in fixed, definite proportions.

Question 17

A student measures the mass of a lead block four times and gets values close to each other but far from the true value. What does this indicate?

Accepted Answer

The measurements are precise but not accurate.

Question 18

Which of the following is an intensive property?

Accepted Answer

Density

Question 19

A mixture of ethanol and water is separated by distillation. What property does distillation exploit?

Accepted Answer

Difference in volatility (boiling points)

Question 20

Convert $$2.00\ \mathrm{in}^2 to$$ $$\mathrm{cm}^2$$ using the conversion $$1\ \mathrm{in} = 2.54\ \mathrm{cm}.$$

Accepted Answer

$$12.9\ \mathrm{cm}^2$$

Chapter 1: Matter, Measurement, and Problem Solving – General Chemistry Study Notes

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