Domanda del libro di testo
(c) Which type of intermolecular attractive force operates only between the hydrogen atom of a polar bond and a nearby small electronegative atom?
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Ch.11 - Liquids and Intermolecular Forces
Brown14th EditionChemistry: The Central ScienceISBN: 9780134414232
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TOC.tableOfContents
- Ch.1 - Introduction: Matter, Energy, and Measurement177
- Ch.2 - Atoms, Molecules, and Ions231
- Ch.3 - Chemical Reactions and Reaction Stoichiometry216
- Ch.4 - Reactions in Aqueous Solution189
- Ch.5 - Thermochemistry175
- Ch.6 - Electronic Structure of Atoms168
- Ch.7 - Periodic Properties of the Elements150
- Ch.8 - Basic Concepts of Chemical Bonding177
- Ch.9 - Molecular Geometry and Bonding Theories200
- Ch.10 - Gases179
- Ch.11 - Liquids and Intermolecular Forces113
- Ch.12 - Solids and Modern Materials154
- Ch.13 - Properties of Solutions157
- Ch.14 - Chemical Kinetics199
- Ch.15 - Chemical Equilibrium128
- Ch.16 - Acid-Base Equilibria164
- Ch.17 - Additional Aspects of Aqueous Equilibria163
- Ch.18 - Chemistry of the Environment105
- Ch.19 - Chemical Thermodynamics164
- Ch.20 - Electrochemistry171
- Ch.21 - Nuclear Chemistry122
- Ch.22 - Chemistry of the Nonmetals82
- Ch.23 - Transition Metals and Coordination Chemistry79
- Ch.24 - The Chemistry of Life: Organic and Biological Chemistry16
Brown14th EditionChemistry: The Central ScienceISBN: 9780134414232Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Capitolo 11, Problema 16b
(b) Which of these kinds of interactions are broken when a liquid is converted to a gas?
Guida verificata passo dopo passo1
Identify the state change involved: The problem states that a liquid is converted to a gas, which is the process of vaporization.
Understand the types of interactions in liquids: In liquids, molecules are held together by intermolecular forces. These include hydrogen bonds, dipole-dipole interactions, and London dispersion forces.
Recognize the effect of vaporization on intermolecular forces: When a liquid turns into a gas, the molecules must overcome the intermolecular forces that hold them together in the liquid state.
Determine which interactions are affected: During vaporization, all types of intermolecular forces (hydrogen bonds, dipole-dipole interactions, and London dispersion forces) are broken to allow the molecules to move freely and form a gas.
Conclude the specific interactions broken: Thus, when a liquid is converted to a gas, hydrogen bonds, dipole-dipole interactions, and London dispersion forces are the kinds of interactions that are broken.
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Intermolecular Forces
Intermolecular forces are the attractive forces between molecules that influence the physical properties of substances. In liquids, these forces, such as hydrogen bonds, dipole-dipole interactions, and London dispersion forces, hold the molecules close together. When a liquid is converted to a gas, these forces must be overcome, allowing the molecules to move freely and occupy a larger volume.
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Percorso guidato
01:59
Intermolecular vs Intramolecular Forces
Phase Change
A phase change refers to the transition of a substance from one state of matter to another, such as from liquid to gas. This process involves energy changes, specifically the absorption of heat, which provides the energy needed to break intermolecular forces. Understanding phase changes is crucial for grasping how temperature and pressure affect the state of a substance.
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01:46Entropy in Phase Changes
Vaporization
Vaporization is the process by which a liquid turns into a gas, occurring through two main mechanisms: evaporation and boiling. During vaporization, molecules at the surface of the liquid gain enough energy to overcome intermolecular forces and escape into the gas phase. This concept is essential for understanding how temperature and pressure influence the transition from liquid to gas.
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02:40Raoult's Law and Vapor Pressure
Pratica correlata
Domanda del libro di testo
Which type of intermolecular force accounts for each of these differences? (b) Xe is a liquid at atmospheric pressure and 120 K, whereas Ar is a gas under the same conditions. (c) Kr, atomic weight 84 amu, boils at 120.9 K, whereas Cl2, molecular weight about 71 amu, boils at 238 K.
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Domanda del libro di testo
Which type of intermolecular force accounts for each of these differences? (a) CH3OH boils at 65 °C; CH3SH boils at 6 °C. (d) Acetone boils at 56 °C, whereas 2-methylpropane boils at -12 °C.
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Domanda del libro di testo
(b) Which type of intermolecular attractive force operates only between polar molecules?
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Domanda del libro di testo
Describe the intermolecular forces that must be overcome to convert these substances from a liquid to a gas: (a) SO2, (b) CH3COOH, (c) H2S.
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