Skip to main content
Ch.11 - Liquids and Intermolecular Forces
Brown - Chemistry: The Central Science 14th Edition
Brown14th EditionChemistry: The Central ScienceISBN: 9780134414232Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Tutti i libri di testoBrown 14th EditionCh.11 - Liquids and Intermolecular ForcesProblema 20b
Capitolo 11, Problema 20b

True or false: (b) For the noble gases the dispersion forces decrease while the boiling points increase as you go down the column in the periodic table.

Guida verificata passo dopo passo
1
Step 1: Understand the concept of dispersion forces. Dispersion forces, also known as London dispersion forces, are a type of intermolecular force that exist between atoms and molecules. They are the weakest of the intermolecular forces and occur due to the temporary shifts in the density of the electron cloud of individual atoms and molecules.
Step 2: Understand the concept of boiling points. The boiling point of a substance is the temperature at which the vapor pressure of the liquid equals the pressure surrounding the liquid and the liquid changes into a vapor. The boiling point of a substance is directly related to the strength of the intermolecular forces within the substance.
Step 3: Consider the properties of noble gases. Noble gases are located in the far right column of the periodic table. They are known for their low reactivity due to their full valence electron shells. However, they can still exhibit dispersion forces.
Step 4: Analyze the trend in the periodic table. As you go down the column of noble gases in the periodic table, the size of the atoms increases. This leads to an increase in the strength of the dispersion forces, because larger atoms have more electrons and thus a larger electron cloud, which can lead to greater temporary shifts in electron density.
Step 5: Connect the increase in dispersion forces to boiling points. Since boiling points are directly related to the strength of intermolecular forces, and the dispersion forces are increasing as you go down the column of noble gases, the boiling points of the noble gases also increase as you go down the column in the periodic table.

Risposta video verificata per un problema simile:

Questa soluzione video è stata consigliata dai nostri tutor come utile per risolvere questo problema.
Durata del video:
1m

Concetti chiave

Ecco i concetti essenziali che devi comprendere per rispondere correttamente alla domanda.

Noble Gases

Noble gases are a group of elements in Group 18 of the periodic table, known for their lack of reactivity due to having a full valence shell. This group includes helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon. As you move down the group, the atomic size increases, which affects the physical properties of these gases, including their boiling points.
Video consigliato:
Percorso guidato
00:44
Noble Gas Compounds Example

Dispersion Forces

Dispersion forces, also known as London dispersion forces, are weak intermolecular forces arising from temporary dipoles that occur when electron distributions around atoms fluctuate. These forces increase with the size and polarizability of the atoms or molecules involved. In noble gases, larger atoms have more electrons, leading to stronger dispersion forces as you move down the group.
Video consigliato:
Percorso guidato
06:44
Types of Intermolecular Forces

Boiling Points

The boiling point of a substance is the temperature at which its vapor pressure equals the external pressure, allowing it to transition from liquid to gas. For noble gases, boiling points increase down the group due to the greater strength of dispersion forces, which require more energy to overcome. Thus, while dispersion forces increase, boiling points also rise, contradicting the statement in the question.
Video consigliato:
Percorso guidato
03:05
Boiling Point Elevation
Pratica correlata
Domanda del libro di testo

Which type of intermolecular force accounts for each of these differences? (b) Xe is a liquid at atmospheric pressure and 120 K, whereas Ar is a gas under the same conditions. (c) Kr, atomic weight 84 amu, boils at 120.9 K, whereas Cl2, molecular weight about 71 amu, boils at 238 K.

781
views
Domanda del libro di testo

Which member in each pair has the greater dispersion forces? (b) CO2 or CO, (c) SiH4 or GeH4.

755
views
Domanda del libro di testo

Which type of intermolecular force accounts for each of these differences? (a) CH3OH boils at 65 °C; CH3SH boils at 6 °C. (d) Acetone boils at 56 °C, whereas 2-methylpropane boils at -12 °C.

440
views
Domanda del libro di testo

(a) List the following molecules in order of increasing polar- izability: GeCl4, CH4, SiCl4, SiH4, and GeBr4. (b) Predict the order of boiling points of the substances in part (a).

1317
views
Domanda del libro di testo

Which member in each pair has the greater dispersion forces? (a) H2O or H2S,

685
views
Domanda del libro di testo

True or false: (e) The larger the atom, the more polarizable it is.

802
views