Domanda del libro di testo
(b) Write the half-reaction that occurs at a hydrogen electrode in acidic aqueous solution when it serves as the anode of a voltaic cell.
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Ch.20 - Electrochemistry
Brown14th EditionChemistry: The Central ScienceISBN: 9780134414232
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TOC.tableOfContents
- Ch.1 - Introduction: Matter, Energy, and Measurement177
- Ch.2 - Atoms, Molecules, and Ions231
- Ch.3 - Chemical Reactions and Reaction Stoichiometry216
- Ch.4 - Reactions in Aqueous Solution189
- Ch.5 - Thermochemistry175
- Ch.6 - Electronic Structure of Atoms168
- Ch.7 - Periodic Properties of the Elements150
- Ch.8 - Basic Concepts of Chemical Bonding177
- Ch.9 - Molecular Geometry and Bonding Theories200
- Ch.10 - Gases179
- Ch.11 - Liquids and Intermolecular Forces113
- Ch.12 - Solids and Modern Materials154
- Ch.13 - Properties of Solutions157
- Ch.14 - Chemical Kinetics199
- Ch.15 - Chemical Equilibrium128
- Ch.16 - Acid-Base Equilibria164
- Ch.17 - Additional Aspects of Aqueous Equilibria163
- Ch.18 - Chemistry of the Environment105
- Ch.19 - Chemical Thermodynamics164
- Ch.20 - Electrochemistry171
- Ch.21 - Nuclear Chemistry122
- Ch.22 - Chemistry of the Nonmetals82
- Ch.23 - Transition Metals and Coordination Chemistry79
- Ch.24 - The Chemistry of Life: Organic and Biological Chemistry16
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Capitolo 20, Problema 31b
(b) Do all voltaic cells produce a positive cell potential?
Guida verificata passo dopo passo1
Understand that a voltaic cell, also known as a galvanic cell, is an electrochemical cell that derives electrical energy from spontaneous redox reactions occurring within the cell.
Recall that the cell potential (also known as electromotive force, EMF) is the measure of the voltage difference between the two electrodes of the cell.
Recognize that for a voltaic cell to function, the redox reaction must be spontaneous, which means the Gibbs free energy change (ΔG) is negative.
Use the relationship between Gibbs free energy and cell potential: ΔG = -nFE, where n is the number of moles of electrons transferred, F is Faraday's constant, and E is the cell potential.
Conclude that since ΔG is negative for spontaneous reactions, the cell potential (E) must be positive for all functioning voltaic cells, as a positive E ensures a negative ΔG.
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Voltaic Cells
Voltaic cells, also known as galvanic cells, are electrochemical cells that convert chemical energy into electrical energy through spontaneous redox reactions. In these cells, oxidation occurs at the anode and reduction at the cathode, generating a flow of electrons that can be harnessed for electrical work. Understanding the structure and function of voltaic cells is essential for analyzing their cell potential.
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01:21
The Electrolytic Cell
Cell Potential
Cell potential, or electromotive force (EMF), is the measure of the voltage generated by a voltaic cell when it is operating under standard conditions. It is determined by the difference in reduction potentials of the half-reactions occurring at the anode and cathode. A positive cell potential indicates that the reaction is spontaneous, while a negative value suggests non-spontaneity.
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01:27Standard Cell Potential
Standard Reduction Potentials
Standard reduction potentials are tabulated values that represent the tendency of a species to gain electrons and be reduced, measured under standard conditions. Each half-reaction has a specific potential, and the overall cell potential is calculated by subtracting the anode potential from the cathode potential. This concept is crucial for predicting whether a voltaic cell will produce a positive cell potential.
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01:10Standard Reduction Potentials
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(a) What is the definition of the volt?
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Domanda del libro di testo
A voltaic cell similar to that shown in Figure 20.5 is constructed. One electrode half-cell consists of a silver strip placed in a solution of AgNO3, and the other has an iron strip placed in a solution of FeCl2. The overall cell reaction is Fe1s2 + 2 Ag+1aq2 ¡ Fe2+1aq2 + 2 Ag1s2 (f) In which directions do the cations and anions migrate through the solution?
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Domanda del libro di testo
Indicate whether each statement is true or false: (c) A salt bridge or permeable barrier is necessary to allow a voltaic cell to operate.
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