Predict whether the following reactions will be spontaneous in...

Question

Predict whether the following reactions will be spontaneous in acidic solution under standard conditions: (a) oxidation of Sn to Sn²⁺ by I₂ (to form I^-), (b) reduction of Ni²⁺ to Ni by I^- (to form I₂), (c) reduction of Ce⁴⁺ to Ce³⁺ by H₂O₂, (d) reduction of Cu²⁺ to Cu by Sn²⁺ (to form Sn⁴⁺).

Accepted Answer

Identify the half-reactions involved in the process. For the reduction of $$Ce^{4+} to$$ $$Ce^{3+}$$, the half-reaction is: $$Ce^{4+} + e$$^- \rightarrow $$Ce^{3+}. $$For the oxidation of H_2O_2, the half-reaction is: H_2O_2 \rightarrow $$O_2 + 2H^+ + 2e^-.. $$Look up the standard reduction potentials (E^\circ) for each half-reaction. The standard reduction potential for $$Ce^{4+} to$$ $$Ce^{3+} is E$$^\circ_{$$Ce^{4+}/Ce$$^{3+}$$}. The standard reduction potential for the reverse of the oxidation of H_2O_2 (i.e., O_2$ to H_2O_2) is E^\circ_{O_2$/H_2O_2}.. Calculate the standard cell potential (E^\circ_{cell}) by using the formula: E^\circ_{cell} = E^\circ_{reduction} - E^\circ_{oxidation}. Here, E^\circ_{reduction} is the potential for Ce$$^{4+}$$/Ce^{3+}$$ and E^\circ_{oxidation} is the potential for H_2O_2/$$O_2.. $$Determine the spontaneity of the reaction. If E^\circ_{cell} \u003e 0, the reaction is spontaneous under standard conditions. If E^\circ_{cell} \u003c 0, the reaction is non-spontaneous.. Consider the effect of acidic conditions on the reaction. Since the problem specifies acidic solution, ensure that the half-reactions are balanced with respect to H^+ ions and electrons.

Risposta video verificata per un problema simile:

Concetti chiave

Spontaneity of Reactions

Standard Electrode Potentials

Acidic Solution Effects

Predict whether the following reactions will be spontaneous in acidic solution under standard conditions: (a) oxidation of Sn to Sn2+ by I2 (to form I-), (b) reduction of Ni2+ to Ni by I- (to form I2), (c) reduction of Ce4+ to Ce3+ by H2O2, (d) reduction of Cu2+ to Cu by Sn2+ (to form Sn4+).

Risposta video verificata per un problema simile:

Concetti chiave

Spontaneity of Reactions

Standard Electrode Potentials

Acidic Solution Effects