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Ch.4 - Reactions in Aqueous Solution
Brown - Chemistry: The Central Science 14th Edition
Brown14th EditionChemistry: The Central ScienceISBN: 9780134414232Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Tutti i libri di testoBrown 14th EditionCh.4 - Reactions in Aqueous SolutionProblema 69a
Capitolo 4, Problema 69a

(a) Which will have the highest concentration of potassium ions: 0.20 M KCl, 0.15 M K2CrO4, or 0.080 M K3PO4?

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Identify the number of potassium ions (K^+) each compound releases in solution: KCl releases 1 K^+, K_2CrO_4 releases 2 K^+, and K_3PO_4 releases 3 K^+.
Calculate the concentration of potassium ions for each solution by multiplying the molarity of the compound by the number of potassium ions it releases: For KCl, it's 0.20 M * 1; for K_2CrO_4, it's 0.15 M * 2; for K_3PO_4, it's 0.080 M * 3.
Compare the calculated concentrations of potassium ions from each solution.
Determine which solution has the highest concentration of potassium ions based on the comparison.
Conclude which compound provides the highest concentration of potassium ions in solution.

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Dissociation of Ionic Compounds

Ionic compounds, when dissolved in water, dissociate into their constituent ions. For example, KCl dissociates into K⁺ and Cl⁻ ions, while K₂CrO₄ dissociates into 2 K⁺ and CrO₄²⁻ ions. Understanding how many ions each compound produces upon dissociation is crucial for determining the concentration of potassium ions in solution.
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Ionic Compounds Naming

Molarity and Ion Concentration

Molarity (M) is a measure of concentration defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. To find the concentration of potassium ions in each solution, one must multiply the molarity of the compound by the number of potassium ions produced per formula unit during dissociation. This calculation allows for a direct comparison of potassium ion concentrations across different solutions.
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Molarity Concept

Comparative Concentration Analysis

To determine which solution has the highest concentration of potassium ions, one must compare the total potassium ion concentration derived from each solution's molarity and dissociation. This involves calculating the effective concentration of K⁺ ions for each compound and identifying the highest value, which reflects the solution with the greatest availability of potassium ions.
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Dimensional Analysis
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(b) Which will contain the greater number of moles of potassium ion: 30.0 mL of 0.15 M K2CrO4 or 25.0 mL of 0.080 M K3PO4

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