Ch.6 - Electronic Structure of Atoms

Brown - Chemistry: The Central Science 14th Edition

Brown14th EditionChemistry: The Central ScienceISBN: 9780134414232Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo

Brown 14th Edition

Ch.6 - Electronic Structure of Atoms

Problema 11a

Capitolo 6, Problema 11a

Four possible electron configurations for a carbon atom are shown below, but only one schematic represents the correct configuration for a carbon atom in its ground state. Which one is the correct electron configuration?

Guida verificata passo dopo passo

Step 1: Recall the electron configuration for a carbon atom in its ground state. Carbon has an atomic number of 6, which means it has 6 electrons.

Step 2: Write the electron configuration for carbon: 1s^2 2s^2 2p^2.

Step 3: Apply the Aufbau principle, which states that electrons fill orbitals starting with the lowest energy level first. Thus, the 1s orbital is filled first, followed by the 2s orbital, and then the 2p orbitals.

Step 4: Apply Hund's rule, which states that electrons will fill degenerate orbitals (orbitals of the same energy) singly before pairing up. Therefore, the two electrons in the 2p orbitals will occupy separate orbitals.

Step 5: Compare the given electron configurations with the correct configuration based on the principles above. Identify the configuration that matches 1s^2 2s^2 2p^2 with the 2p electrons in separate orbitals.

Risposta video verificata per un problema simile:

Questa soluzione video è stata consigliata dai nostri tutor come utile per risolvere questo problema.

Durata del video:

Concetti chiave

Ecco i concetti essenziali che devi comprendere per rispondere correttamente alla domanda.

Electron Configuration

Electron configuration describes the distribution of electrons in an atom's orbitals. For carbon, which has six electrons, the correct ground state configuration is 1s² 2s² 2p². This notation indicates that there are two electrons in the 1s orbital, two in the 2s orbital, and two in the 2p orbitals, following the Aufbau principle.

Video consigliato:

Percorso guidato

01:33

Electron Configuration Example

Pauli Exclusion Principle

The Pauli Exclusion Principle states that no two electrons in an atom can have the same set of four quantum numbers. This means that each orbital can hold a maximum of two electrons with opposite spins. Understanding this principle is crucial for determining the correct electron configuration, as it dictates how electrons fill the available orbitals.

Video consigliato:

Percorso guidato

02:05

Uncertainty Principle Formula

Hund's Rule

Hund's Rule states that electrons will occupy degenerate orbitals (orbitals of the same energy) singly and with parallel spins before pairing up. This rule helps minimize electron-electron repulsion and is essential for predicting the correct arrangement of electrons in the 2p orbitals of carbon, where two electrons will occupy separate p orbitals before pairing.

Video consigliato:

Percorso guidato

00:28

Solubility Rules

Pratica correlata

Domanda del libro di testo

State where in the periodic table these elements appear: (a) elements with the valence-shell electron configuration ns2np5 (b) elements that have three unpaired p electrons (c) an element whose valence electrons are 4s24p1 (d) the d-block elements [Section 6.9]

383

views

Domanda del libro di testo

The accompanying drawing shows a contour plot for a dyz orbital. Consider the quantum numbers that could potentially correspond to this orbital. (b) What is the value of the angular momentum quantum number, l?

487

views

Domanda del libro di testo

Four possible electron configurations for a nitrogen atom are shown below, but only one schematic represents the correct configuration for a nitrogen atom in its ground state. Which configurations violate the Pauli exclusion principle?

752

views

Domanda del libro di testo

The accompanying drawing shows a contour plot for a dyz orbital. Consider the quantum numbers that could potentially correspond to this orbital. (c) What is the largest possible value of the magnetic quantum number, ml?

516

views

Domanda del libro di testo

The accompanying drawing shows a contour plot for a dyz orbital. Consider the quantum numbers that could potentially correspond to this orbital. (d) The probability density goes to zero along which of the following planes: xy, xz, or yz?

737

views