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Ch.15 - Chemical Equilibrium
Brown - Chemistry: The Central Science 15th Edition
Brown15th EditionChemistry: The Central ScienceISBN: 9780137542970Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Tutti i libri di testoBrown 15th EditionCh.15 - Chemical EquilibriumProblema 52a
Capitolo 15, Problema 52a

At 80°C, 𝐾𝑐 = 1.87×10−3 for the reaction PH3BCl3(𝑠) ⇌ PH3(𝑔) + BCl3(𝑔) (a) Calculate the equilibrium concentrations of PH3 and BCl3 if a solid sample of PH3BCl3 is placed in a closed vessel at 80°C and decomposes until equilibrium is reached.

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Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction: PH3BCl3(s) ⇌ PH3(g) + BCl3(g).
Set up an ICE (Initial, Change, Equilibrium) table. Since PH3BCl3 is a solid, its concentration does not appear in the expression for Kc. Assume initial concentrations of PH3 and BCl3 to be 0 M.
Let x be the change in concentration of PH3 and BCl3 as PH3BCl3 decomposes. At equilibrium, the concentrations of PH3 and BCl3 will both be x M.
Write the expression for the equilibrium constant, Kc, in terms of x: Kc = [PH3][BCl3]. Substitute the equilibrium concentrations into this expression to get Kc = x^2.
Solve the equation Kc = x^2 for x to find the equilibrium concentrations of PH3 and BCl3. Use the given value of Kc = 1.87×10−3 to find the value of x.

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Equilibrium Constant (Kc)

The equilibrium constant (Kc) is a numerical value that expresses the ratio of the concentrations of products to reactants at equilibrium for a given reaction at a specific temperature. For the reaction PH₃BCl₃(s) ⇌ PH₃(g) + BCl₃(g), Kc = [PH₃][BCl₃] / [PH₃BCl₃]. Since solids do not appear in the expression, Kc only involves the gaseous products.
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Equilibrium Constant Expressions

Le Chatelier's Principle

Le Chatelier's Principle states that if a dynamic equilibrium is disturbed by changing the conditions, the system will adjust to counteract the change and restore a new equilibrium. In this case, if PH₃BCl₃ decomposes, the system will shift to produce more PH₃ and BCl₃ until the concentrations reach a state that satisfies the equilibrium constant.
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Le Chatelier's Principle

ICE Table (Initial, Change, Equilibrium)

An ICE table is a tool used to organize the initial concentrations, the changes in concentrations, and the equilibrium concentrations of reactants and products in a chemical reaction. For this reaction, the initial concentration of PH₃BCl₃ is known, and as it decomposes, the changes in concentrations of PH₃ and BCl₃ can be calculated to find their equilibrium concentrations using the Kc value.
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ICE Charts and Equilibrium Amount
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Domanda del libro di testo

At 80°C, 𝐾𝑐 = 1.87×10−3 for the reaction PH3BCl3(𝑠) ⇌ PH3(𝑔) + BCl3(𝑔) (a) Calculate the equilibrium concentrations of PH3 and BCl3 if a solid sample of PH3BCl3 is placed in a closed vessel at 80°C and decomposes until equilibrium is reached. (b) If the flask has a volume of 0.250 L, what is the minimum mass of PH3BCl3(𝑠) that must be added to the flask to achieve equilibrium?

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