Ch.15 - Chemical Equilibrium

Brown - Chemistry: The Central Science 15th Edition

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Brown 15th Edition

Ch.15 - Chemical Equilibrium

Problema 77c

Capitolo 15, Problema 77c

Consider the hypothetical reaction A(𝑔) ⇌ 2 B(𝑔). A flask is charged with 0.75 atm of pure A, after which it is allowed to reach equilibrium at 0°C. At equilibrium, the partial pressure of A is 0.36 atm. (c) To maximize the yield of product B, would you make the reaction flask larger or smaller?

Guida verificata passo dopo passo

insert step 1> Identify the reaction: A(g) ⇌ 2 B(g). This is a gaseous equilibrium reaction where A is converted to B.

insert step 2> Understand the concept of Le Chatelier's Principle: It states that if a dynamic equilibrium is disturbed by changing the conditions, the position of equilibrium shifts to counteract the change.

insert step 3> Consider the effect of volume change on equilibrium: Increasing the volume of the container decreases the pressure, favoring the side with more moles of gas. Conversely, decreasing the volume increases the pressure, favoring the side with fewer moles of gas.

insert step 4> Analyze the reaction: The reaction A(g) ⇌ 2 B(g) has 1 mole of A converting to 2 moles of B. Increasing the volume will favor the formation of more moles of gas, thus shifting the equilibrium towards the products (B).

insert step 5> Conclusion: To maximize the yield of product B, you should make the reaction flask larger, as this will shift the equilibrium towards the side with more moles of gas (2 B).

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Le Chatelier's Principle

Le Chatelier's Principle states that if a dynamic equilibrium is disturbed by changing the conditions, the position of equilibrium shifts to counteract the change. In the context of the reaction A(g) ⇌ 2B(g), if the volume of the flask is altered, it affects the partial pressures of the gases, thereby influencing the equilibrium position and the yield of products.

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Percorso guidato

07:32

Le Chatelier's Principle

Equilibrium Constant (Kp)

The equilibrium constant (Kp) for a gaseous reaction is defined in terms of the partial pressures of the reactants and products at equilibrium. For the reaction A(g) ⇌ 2B(g), Kp can be expressed as Kp = (P_B^2) / (P_A). Understanding Kp helps predict how changes in pressure or volume will affect the concentrations of A and B at equilibrium.

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Percorso guidato

03:20

Equilibrium Constant Expressions

Effect of Volume on Gas Equilibrium

Changing the volume of a reaction flask affects the partial pressures of gases involved in the reaction. Reducing the volume increases the pressure, favoring the side of the reaction with fewer moles of gas. In this case, since there are 2 moles of B produced for every mole of A consumed, decreasing the volume would shift the equilibrium towards producing more B, thus maximizing its yield.

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02:31

Photoelectric Effect

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Domanda del libro di testo

A sample of nitrosyl bromide (NOBr) decomposes according to the equation 2 NOBr(𝑔) ⇌ 2 NO(𝑔) + Br₂(𝑔) An equilibrium mixture in a 5.00-L vessel at 100°C contains 3.22 g of NOBr, 2.46 g of NO, and 6.55 g of Br₂. (c) What was the mass of the original sample of NOBr?