Skip to main content
Ch.15 - Chemical Equilibrium
McMurry - Chemistry 8th Edition
McMurry8th EditionChemistryISBN: 9781292336145Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Tutti i libri di testoMcMurry 8th EditionCh.15 - Chemical EquilibriumProblema 154b
Capitolo 15, Problema 154b

Acetic acid tends to form dimers, (CH3CO2H2), because of hydrogen bonding: The equilibrium constant Kc for this reaction is 1.51⨉102 in benzene solution but only 3.7⨉10-2 in water solution. (b) Calculate the ratio of dimers to monomers for 0.100 M acetic acid in water.

Guida verificata passo dopo passo
1
Identify the equilibrium reaction for the dimerization of acetic acid: 2 \(\text{CH}\)_3\(\text{CO}\)_2\(\text{H}\) \(\rightleftharpoons\) (\(\text{CH}\)_3\(\text{CO}\)_2\(\text{H}\))_2.
Write the expression for the equilibrium constant, K_c, for the reaction: K_c = \(\frac{[(\text{CH}\)_3\(\text{CO}\)_2\(\text{H}\))_2]}{[\(\text{CH}\)_3\(\text{CO}\)_2\(\text{H}\)]^2}.
Substitute the given K_c value for water (3.7 \(\times\) 10^{-2}) into the equilibrium expression.
Let x be the concentration of dimers at equilibrium. Then, the concentration of monomers at equilibrium is (0.100 - 2x) M.
Solve the equation 3.7 \(\times\) 10^{-2} = \(\frac{x}{(0.100 - 2x)^2}\) to find the ratio of dimers to monomers, \(\frac{x}{0.100 - 2x}\).

Risposta video verificata per un problema simile:

Questa soluzione video è stata consigliata dai nostri tutor come utile per risolvere questo problema.
Durata del video:
10m

Concetti chiave

Ecco i concetti essenziali che devi comprendere per rispondere correttamente alla domanda.

Hydrogen Bonding

Hydrogen bonding is a type of intermolecular force that occurs when a hydrogen atom covalently bonded to a highly electronegative atom, such as oxygen or nitrogen, experiences an attraction to another electronegative atom. In the case of acetic acid, the hydrogen bonds between molecules lead to the formation of dimers, which significantly affects the concentration of monomers and dimers in solution.
Video consigliato:
Percorso guidato
01:22
Hydrogenation Reactions

Equilibrium Constant (Kc)

The equilibrium constant (Kc) is a numerical value that expresses the ratio of the concentrations of products to reactants at equilibrium for a given reaction at a specific temperature. In this context, Kc indicates the extent to which acetic acid forms dimers in different solvents, with higher values suggesting a greater tendency to form dimers, as seen in benzene compared to water.
Video consigliato:
Percorso guidato
03:20
Equilibrium Constant Expressions

Concentration and Ratio Calculations

Concentration refers to the amount of a substance in a given volume of solution, typically expressed in molarity (M). To calculate the ratio of dimers to monomers in a solution of acetic acid, one must use the equilibrium constant and the initial concentration to determine the concentrations of both species at equilibrium, allowing for the calculation of their ratio.
Video consigliato:
Percorso guidato
02:14
Neutron-Proton Ratio
Pratica correlata
Domanda del libro di testo
A 79.2 g chunk of dry ice (solid CO2) and 30.0 g of graphite (carbon) were placed in an empty 5.00-L container, and the mixture was heated to achieve equilibrium. The reaction is CO 1g2 + C s ∆ 2 CO g (b) What is the value of Kp at 1100 K if the gas density at 1100 K is 16.9 g/L?
797
views
Domanda del libro di testo

The equilibrium constant Kc for the gas-phase thermal decomposition of cyclopropane to propene is 1.0 * 105 at 500 K:

(c) Can you alter the ratio of the two concentrations at equilibrium by adding cyclopropane or by decreasing the volume of the container? Explain.

441
views
Domanda del libro di testo

Acetic acid tends to form dimers, (CH3CO2H2), because of hydrogen bonding: The equilibrium constant Kc for this reaction is 1.51⨉102 in benzene solution but only 3.7⨉10-2 in water solution. (a) Calculate the ratio of dimers to monomers for 0.100 M acetic acid in benzene.

372
views