Ch.2 - Atoms, Molecules & Ions

McMurry8th EditionChemistryISBN: 9781292336145Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo

McMurry 8th Edition

Ch.2 - Atoms, Molecules & Ions

Problema 90

Capitolo 2, Problema 90

Which of the following charges is not possible for the over-all charge on an oil droplet in Millikan's experiment? For this problem, we'll round the currently accepted charge of an electron to 1.602 * 10-19 C. (a) -1.010 * 10-18 C (b) -8.010 * 10-19 C (c) -2.403 * 10-18 C

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Identify the charge of a single electron, which is approximately -1.602 \(\times\) 10^{-19} C.

Understand that the charge on the oil droplet can only be an integer multiple of the electron's charge, as it results from gaining or losing electrons.

Calculate the possible charges by multiplying the electron's charge by different integers (both positive and negative). For example, n(-1.602 \(\times\) 10^{-19} C), where n is an integer.

Compare each option given in the problem with the calculated possible charges to see if they match any integer multiple of the electron's charge.

Identify which charge among the options does not fit the pattern of being an integer multiple of -1.602 \(\times\) 10^{-19} C.

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Elementary Charge

The elementary charge is the smallest unit of electric charge that is considered indivisible, denoted as 'e', with a value of approximately 1.602 x 10^-19 coulombs. In Millikan's oil drop experiment, the charge on the oil droplets is quantized, meaning it can only take on integer multiples of this elementary charge, either positive or negative.

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01:53

Formal Charge

Quantization of Charge

Quantization of charge refers to the principle that electric charge exists in discrete amounts rather than a continuous range. In the context of Millikan's experiment, this means that the total charge on an oil droplet must be a whole number multiple of the elementary charge, leading to specific allowable charge values for the droplets.

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Percorso guidato

01:53

Formal Charge

Millikan's Oil Drop Experiment

Millikan's oil drop experiment was a groundbreaking experiment that measured the charge of the electron by observing the behavior of tiny oil droplets in an electric field. By balancing the gravitational and electric forces acting on the droplets, Millikan was able to determine the charge on the droplets, which confirmed the quantization of charge and provided a precise value for the elementary charge.

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04:44

Millikan Oil Drop

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Label the following statements about J. J. Thomson's cathode-ray tube experiments shown in Figure 2.6 as true or false. (b) A cathode ray is a stream of charged particles.

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