Ch.2 - Atoms & Elements

Tro - Chemistry: A Molecular Approach 4th Edition

Tro4th EditionChemistry: A Molecular ApproachISBN: 9780134112831Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo

Tro 4th Edition

Ch.2 - Atoms & Elements

Problema 60c

Capitolo 2, Problema 60c

Predict the charge of the ion formed by each element. c. F

Guida verificata passo dopo passo

Step 1: Identify the element. In this case, the element is Fluorine (F).

Step 2: Determine the number of valence electrons for the element. Fluorine is in group 17 (also known as 7A) of the periodic table, so it has 7 valence electrons.

Step 3: Recall that atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration, often having 8 electrons in their outermost shell (the octet rule).

Step 4: Determine how many electrons the element needs to gain or lose to achieve a stable electron configuration. In the case of Fluorine, it needs to gain 1 electron to have a full outer shell of 8 electrons.

Step 5: The charge of the ion is determined by the number of electrons gained or lost. If an atom gains electrons, it becomes negatively charged, and if it loses electrons, it becomes positively charged. Since Fluorine gains 1 electron, the ion it forms will have a charge of -1.

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Ion Formation

Ions are charged particles that form when atoms gain or lose electrons. Elements tend to form ions to achieve a stable electron configuration, often resembling the nearest noble gas. Metals typically lose electrons to form cations, while nonmetals gain electrons to form anions.

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06:17

Ion Formation

Electronegativity

Electronegativity is a measure of an atom's ability to attract and hold onto electrons. In the context of ion formation, elements with high electronegativity, like fluorine, are more likely to gain electrons and form negative ions (anions). This property helps predict the charge of the ion an element will form.

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02:10

Electronegativity Trends

Fluorine's Charge

Fluorine is a highly electronegative nonmetal that typically gains one electron to achieve a full outer shell, resulting in a charge of -1. This means that when fluorine forms an ion, it becomes F-, indicating it has gained an electron and carries a negative charge.

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01:53

Formal Charge

Pratica correlata

Domanda del libro di testo

Fill in the blanks to complete the table. Symbol Ion Formed Number of Electrons in Ion Number of Protons in Ion Ca Ca²⁺ ______ ______ ______ Be²⁺ 2 ______ Se ______ ______ 34 In ______ ______ 49

Domanda del libro di testo

Fill in the blanks to complete the table.

Symbol Ion Formed Number of Electrons in Ion Number of Protons in Ion

Cl ______ ______ 17

Te ______ 54 ______

Br Br^– ______ ______

______ Sr²⁺ ______ 38

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Domanda del libro di testo

Predict the charge of the ion formed by each element. a. O b. K c. Al d. Rb