Domanda del libro di testo
Consider the chemical reaction: 2 H2O(l) → 2 H2(g) + O2(g) What mass of H2O is required to form 1.4 L of O2 at a temperature of 315 K and a pressure of 0.957 atm?
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Ch.5 - Gases
Tro4th EditionChemistry: A Molecular ApproachISBN: 9780134112831
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TOC.tableOfContents
- Ch.1 - Matter, Measurement & Problem Solving136
- Ch.2 - Atoms & Elements112
- Ch.3 - Molecules, Compounds & Chemical Equations159
- Ch.4 - Chemical Quantities & Aqueous Reactions140
- Ch.5 - Gases118
- Ch.6 - Thermochemistry106
- Ch.7 - Quantum-Mechanical Model of the Atom62
- Ch.8 - Periodic Properties of the Elements103
- Ch.9 - Chemical Bonding I: The Lewis Model104
- Ch.10 - Chemical Bonding II: Molecular Shapes & Valence Bond Theory89
- Ch.11 - Liquids, Solids & Intermolecular Forces73
- Ch.12 - Solids and Modern Material59
- Ch.13 - Solutions110
- Ch.14 - Chemical Kinetics140
- Ch.15 - Chemical Equilibrium78
- Ch.16 - Acids and Bases155
- Ch.17 - Aqueous Ionic Equilibrium176
- Ch.18 - Free Energy and Thermodynamics108
- Ch.19 - Electrochemistry118
- Ch.20 - Radioactivity and Nuclear Chemistry82
- Ch.21 - Organic Chemistry150
Tro4th EditionChemistry: A Molecular ApproachISBN: 9780134112831Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Capitolo 5, Problema 69
The zinc in a copper-plated penny will dissolve in hydrochloric acid if the copper coating is filed down in several spots (so that the hydrochloric acid can get to the zinc). The reaction between the acid and the zinc is 2 H+(aq) + Zn(s) → H2(g) + Zn2+(aq). When the zinc in a certain penny dissolves, the total volume of gas collected over water at 25 °C is 0.951 L at a total pressure of 748 mmHg. What mass of hydrogen gas is collected?
Guida verificata passo dopo passo1
Identify the reaction: \(2 \text{H}^+ (\text{aq}) + \text{Zn}(\text{s}) \rightarrow \text{H}_2(\text{g}) + \text{Zn}^{2+}(\text{aq})\).
Use the ideal gas law \(PV = nRT\) to find the number of moles of \(\text{H}_2\) gas. Remember to convert the pressure to atm and the volume to liters.
Adjust the pressure for the vapor pressure of water at 25 °C, which is 23.8 mmHg. Subtract this from the total pressure to get the pressure of the \(\text{H}_2\) gas.
Convert the temperature from Celsius to Kelvin by adding 273.15 to the Celsius temperature.
Calculate the mass of \(\text{H}_2\) using the number of moles from the ideal gas law and the molar mass of hydrogen gas (2.02 g/mol).
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Concetti chiave
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Gas Laws
Gas laws describe the behavior of gases in relation to pressure, volume, and temperature. The ideal gas law, PV = nRT, relates these variables, where P is pressure, V is volume, n is the number of moles, R is the ideal gas constant, and T is temperature in Kelvin. Understanding these relationships is crucial for calculating the amount of gas produced in a chemical reaction.
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01:43
Combined Gas Law
Stoichiometry
Stoichiometry involves the calculation of reactants and products in chemical reactions based on balanced equations. It allows us to determine the amount of substances consumed and produced, using mole ratios derived from the balanced chemical equation. In this case, stoichiometry helps relate the moles of hydrogen gas produced to the moles of zinc that reacted.
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01:16Stoichiometry Concept
Collecting Gas Over Water
When gas is collected over water, the total pressure measured includes the vapor pressure of water. To find the pressure of the gas alone, the vapor pressure of water at the given temperature must be subtracted from the total pressure. This adjustment is essential for accurate calculations of the gas volume and subsequent mass determination.
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01:23Reaction with Water
Pratica correlata
Domanda del libro di testo
A heliox deep-sea diving mixture contains 2.0 g of oxygen to every 98.0 g of helium. What is the partial pressure of oxygen when this mixture is delivered at a total pressure of 8.5 atm?
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Domanda del libro di testo
The hydrogen gas formed in a chemical reaction is collected over water at 30.0 °C at a total pressure of 732 mmHg. What is the partial pressure of the hydrogen gas collected in this way? If the total volume of gas collected is 722 mL, what mass of hydrogen gas is collected?
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Domanda del libro di testo
What is the mole fraction of oxygen gas in air (see Table 5.3)? What volume of air contains 10.0 g of oxygen gas at 273 K and 1.00 atm?
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Domanda del libro di testo
The air in a bicycle tire is bubbled through water and collected at 25 °C. If the total volume of gas collected is 5.45 L at a temperature of 25 °C and a pressure of 745 torr, how many moles of gas were in the bicycle tire?
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Domanda del libro di testo
Consider the chemical reaction: C(s) + H2O(g) → CO(g) + H2(g) How many liters of hydrogen gas are formed from the complete reaction of 15.7 g C? Assume that the hydrogen gas is collected at a pressure of 1.0 atm and a temperature of 355 K.
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