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Ch.15 - Chemical Kinetics
Tro - Chemistry: A Molecular Approach 6th Edition
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Tutti i libri di testoTro 6th EditionCh.15 - Chemical KineticsProblema 48
Capitolo 15, Problema 48

Consider the tabulated data showing the initial rate of a reaction (A → products) at several different concentrations of A. What is the order of the reaction? Write a rate law for the reaction including the value of the rate constant, k.
[A] (M) Initial Rate (M/s)
0.050 0.100
0.075 0.225
0.090 0.324

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Step 1: Understand the rate law equation. The rate law for a reaction A → products is generally expressed as Rate = k[A]^n, where k is the rate constant, [A] is the concentration of reactant A, and n is the order of the reaction with respect to A.
Step 2: Determine the order of the reaction (n) by comparing the changes in concentration and the corresponding changes in the initial rate.
Step 3: Compare the first and second data points. Calculate the ratio of the rates and the ratio of the concentrations to find n. Use the formula (Rate2/Rate1) = ([A]2/[A]1)^n.
Step 4: Repeat the process for the second and third data points to confirm the order of the reaction.
Step 5: Once the order n is determined, use any of the data points to solve for the rate constant k using the rate law equation.

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Reaction Order

The order of a reaction refers to the power to which the concentration of a reactant is raised in the rate law. It indicates how the rate of reaction is affected by the concentration of that reactant. For example, if the rate doubles when the concentration of A is doubled, the reaction is first order with respect to A. Understanding reaction order is crucial for determining the rate law.
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Average Bond Order

Rate Law

The rate law expresses the relationship between the rate of a chemical reaction and the concentrations of its reactants. It is typically written in the form Rate = k[A]^n, where k is the rate constant and n is the order of the reaction with respect to reactant A. The rate law can be derived from experimental data, allowing chemists to predict how changes in concentration will affect the reaction rate.
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Rate Law Fundamentals

Rate Constant (k)

The rate constant, k, is a proportionality factor in the rate law that is specific to a particular reaction at a given temperature. It reflects the speed of the reaction and is influenced by factors such as temperature and the presence of catalysts. The value of k can be determined experimentally and is essential for calculating the rate of reaction under varying conditions.
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