Ch. 11 - Chromosome Structure and DNA Sequence Organization

Klug - Essentials of Genetics 10th Edition

Klug10th EditionEssentials of GeneticsISBN: 9780135588789Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo

Klug 10th Edition

Ch. 11 - Chromosome Structure and DNA Sequence Organization

Problema 19

Capitolo 11, Problema 19

The following is a diagram of the general structure of the bacteriophage chromosome. Speculate on the mechanism by which it forms a closed ring upon infection of the host cell.

Guida verificata passo dopo passo

Step 1: Identify the key features of the bacteriophage chromosome structure shown in the diagram, focusing on the double-stranded DNA region and the complementary single-stranded ends.

Step 2: Recognize that the complementary sequences at the ends of the linear DNA can base pair with each other, which is essential for forming a closed circular structure.

Step 3: Understand that upon infection, the single-stranded complementary ends can anneal through base pairing, bringing the two ends of the linear chromosome together.

Step 4: Consider the role of host or phage-encoded enzymes, such as DNA ligase, which can covalently join the sugar-phosphate backbones of the annealed ends, sealing the DNA into a closed circular ring.

Step 5: Summarize the mechanism as a process where complementary single-stranded ends hybridize to form a circular intermediate, followed by enzymatic ligation to create a stable closed ring chromosome inside the host cell.

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Bacteriophage Chromosome Structure

Bacteriophage chromosomes often consist of double-stranded DNA with specific sequences that can interact to form unique structures. Understanding the arrangement of complementary sequences and double-stranded regions is essential to grasp how the DNA can circularize or form closed rings upon infection.

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07:10

Chromosome Structure

DNA Complementarity and Base Pairing

DNA strands are complementary, meaning bases on one strand pair specifically with bases on the opposite strand (A with T, G with C). This complementarity allows single-stranded regions or sticky ends to anneal, facilitating the formation of circular DNA molecules through base pairing.

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05:05

Complementation

Mechanism of DNA Circularization in Phages

Upon infection, linear phage DNA can circularize by annealing complementary single-stranded ends or through enzymatic ligation. This closed ring formation protects the DNA from degradation and is critical for replication and integration within the host.

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04:11

Organelle DNA Characteristics

Pratica correlata

Domanda del libro di testo

The human genome contains approximately 10⁶ copies of an Alu sequence, one of the best-studied classes of short interspersed elements (SINEs), per haploid genome. Individual Alu units share a 282-nucleotide consensus sequence followed by a 3'-adenine-rich tail region [Schmid (1998)]. Given that there are approximately 3 x 10⁹ base pairs per human haploid genome, about how many base pairs are spaced between each Alu sequence?

725

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Domanda del libro di testo

How many base pairs are in a molecule of phage T2 DNA 52-µm long?

838

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Domanda del libro di testo

Assume that a viral DNA molecule is a 50-µm-long circular strand with a uniform 20-Å diameter. If this molecule is contained in a viral head that is a 0.08-µm-diameter sphere, will the DNA molecule fit into the viral head, assuming complete flexibility of the molecule? Justify your answer mathematically.

472

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