Domanda del libro di testo
Outline the current model for DNA synthesis.
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Ch. 11 - DNA Replication and Recombination
Klug12th EditionConcepts of GeneticsISBN: 9780135564776
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TOC.tableOfContents
- Ch. 1 - Introduction to Genetics17
- Ch. 2 - Mitosis and Meiosis36
- Ch. 3 - Mendelian Genetics51
- Ch. 4 - Extensions of Mendelian Genetics74
- Ch. 5 - Chromosome Mapping in Eukaryotes51
- Ch. 6 - Genetic Analysis and Mapping in Bacteria and Bacteriophages46
- Ch. 7 - Sex Determination and Sex Chromosomes33
- Ch. 8 - Chromosome Mutations: Variation in Number and Arrangement40
- Ch. 9 - Extranuclear Inheritance31
- Ch. 10 - DNA Structure and Analysis43
- Ch. 11 - DNA Replication and Recombination44
- Ch. 12 - DNA Organization in Chromosomes30
- Ch. 13 - The Genetic Code and Transcription54
- Ch. 14 - Translation and Proteins47
- Ch. 15 - Gene Mutation, DNA Repair, and Transposition41
- Ch. 16 - Regulation of Gene Expression in Bacteria29
- Ch. 17 - Transcriptional Regulation in Eukaryotes41
- Ch. 18 - Post-transcriptional Regulation in Eukaryotes33
- Ch. 19 - Epigenetics33
- Ch. 20 - Recombinant DNA Technology44
- Ch. 21 - Genomic Analysis36
- Ch. 22 - Applications of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology36
- Ch. 23 - Developmental Genetics37
- Ch. 24 - Cancer Genetics34
- Ch. 25 - Quantitative Genetics and Multifactorial Traits54
- Ch. 26 - Population and Evolutionary Genetics45
Klug12th EditionConcepts of GeneticsISBN: 9780135564776Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Capitolo 11, Problema 19
Suppose that E. coli synthesizes DNA at a rate of 100,000 nucleotides per minute and takes 40 minutes to replicate its chromosome.
(a) How many base pairs are present in the entire E. coli chromosome?
(b) What is the physical length of the chromosome in its helical configuration—that is, what is the circumference of the chromosome if it were opened into a circle?
Guida verificata passo dopo passo1
Step 1: To determine the total number of base pairs in the E. coli chromosome, calculate the total number of nucleotides synthesized during replication. Multiply the synthesis rate (100,000 nucleotides per minute) by the replication time (40 minutes). This gives the total number of nucleotides synthesized during replication.
Step 2: Since DNA is double-stranded, the total number of nucleotides corresponds to the total number of base pairs. Therefore, the result from Step 1 directly represents the total number of base pairs in the E. coli chromosome.
Step 3: To calculate the physical length of the chromosome in its helical configuration, use the fact that the helical structure of DNA has approximately 10 base pairs per turn, and each turn of the helix spans 3.4 nanometers (nm). Multiply the total number of base pairs (from Step 2) by the length per base pair (0.34 nm, derived from 3.4 nm per 10 base pairs).
Step 4: To find the circumference of the chromosome if it were opened into a circle, note that the physical length calculated in Step 3 represents the total length of the chromosome. This length is equivalent to the circumference of the circular chromosome.
Step 5: Ensure all units are consistent throughout the calculations (e.g., converting nanometers to micrometers if needed) and verify the assumptions about DNA structure (e.g., 10 base pairs per turn and 3.4 nm per turn) are applied correctly.
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DNA Replication Rate
The DNA replication rate refers to the speed at which DNA polymerase synthesizes new DNA strands. In this case, E. coli synthesizes DNA at a rate of 100,000 nucleotides per minute. Understanding this rate is crucial for calculating the total number of nucleotides replicated over a given time period, which directly relates to the size of the chromosome.
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11:59
Steps to DNA Replication
Base Pairs in DNA
Base pairs are the building blocks of the DNA double helix, consisting of pairs of nucleotides (adenine-thymine and guanine-cytosine) that bond together. The total number of base pairs in a chromosome can be determined by multiplying the number of nucleotides by 2, as each nucleotide on one strand pairs with a complementary nucleotide on the opposite strand.
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06:25DNA Structure
Physical Length of DNA
The physical length of DNA refers to the actual distance that the DNA molecule would occupy if it were stretched out. The circumference of a circular DNA molecule can be calculated using the number of base pairs and the average length of a base pair in its helical configuration, which is approximately 0.34 nanometers. This concept is essential for understanding the spatial organization of DNA within a cell.
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01:45DNA Proofreading
Pratica correlata
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Several temperature-sensitive mutant strains of E. coli display the following characteristics. Predict what enzyme or function is being affected by each mutation.
Newly synthesized DNA contains many mismatched base pairs.
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Why is DNA synthesis expected to be more complex in eukaryotes than in bacteria? How is DNA synthesis similar in the two types of organisms?
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Several temperature-sensitive mutant strains of E. coli display the following characteristics. Predict what enzyme or function is being affected by each mutation.
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