Ch.10 Proteins Workers of the Cell

Frost - General, Organic and Biological Chemistry 4th Edition

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Frost 4th Edition

Ch.10 Proteins Workers of the Cell

Problema 85

Capitolo 6, Problema 85

Match the terms (1) active site, (2) lock-and-key model, and (3) induced-fit model with the following descriptions:
a. the portion of an enzyme where catalytic activity occurs
b. the active site adapts to the shape of a substrate
c. the active site has a rigid shape

Guida verificata passo dopo passo

Step 1: Understand the term 'active site'. The active site is the specific region of an enzyme where the substrate binds and catalytic activity occurs. Match this description with option (a).

Step 2: Understand the 'lock-and-key model'. This model suggests that the active site of an enzyme has a rigid shape that perfectly matches the shape of its substrate, similar to a key fitting into a lock. Match this description with option (c).

Step 3: Understand the 'induced-fit model'. This model proposes that the active site of an enzyme is flexible and can adapt its shape to fit the substrate when it binds. Match this description with option (b).

Step 4: Review the matches to ensure they align with the definitions and descriptions provided in the problem.

Step 5: Confirm the final matches: (1) active site corresponds to (a), (2) lock-and-key model corresponds to (c), and (3) induced-fit model corresponds to (b).

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Active Site

The active site is a specific region on an enzyme where substrate molecules bind and undergo a chemical reaction. This site is crucial for the enzyme's catalytic activity, as it provides the necessary environment for the reaction to occur. The shape and chemical properties of the active site determine the specificity of the enzyme for its substrate.

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Percorso guidato

1:06

Factors Affecting Enzyme Activity Concept 1

Lock-and-Key Model

The lock-and-key model is a theory that describes how enzymes and substrates interact. According to this model, the active site of the enzyme (the 'lock') has a specific shape that exactly fits the substrate (the 'key'). This rigid fit explains the specificity of enzymes, as only substrates with the correct shape can bind to the active site and be catalyzed.

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Percorso guidato

1:26

Models of Enzyme Action Example 1

Induced-Fit Model

The induced-fit model expands on the lock-and-key model by suggesting that the active site of an enzyme is flexible and can change shape to better fit the substrate upon binding. This adaptability enhances the enzyme's ability to catalyze reactions, as the conformational change can facilitate the transition state and lower the activation energy required for the reaction.

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Percorso guidato

2:39

Models of Enzyme Action Concept 1

Pratica correlata

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The enzyme sucrase catalyzes the hydrolysis of the disaccharide sucrose but not the disaccharide lactose. Does the induced-fit or lock-and-key model explain the action of sucrase better? Explain.

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The enzyme trypsin catalyzes the breakdown of many structurally diverse proteins in foods. Does the induced-fit or lock-and-key model explain the action of trypsin better? Explain.

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Domanda del libro di testo

Match the terms (2) enzyme with the following descriptions:

a. has a tertiary structure that recognizes the substrate

b. is the combination of an enzyme with the substrate

c. has a structure that fits the active site of an enzyme

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Domanda del libro di testo

Do the amino acids that are in the active site of an enzyme have to be near each other in the enzyme’s primary structure? If no, explain.

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