Domanda del libro di testo
Obtain a package of Alka-Seltzer, an antacid, from the local drug store:
b. Why does Alka-Seltzer foam and bubble when dissolved in water? Which ingredient is the antacid?
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Ch.10 Acids and Bases
McMurry8th EditionFundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9780134015187
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TOC.tableOfContents
- Ch.1 Matter and Measurements27
- Ch.2 Atoms and the Periodic Table20
- Ch.3 Ionic Compounds8
- Ch.4 Molecular Compounds23
- Ch.5 Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions12
- Ch.6 Chemical Reactions: Mole and Mass Relationships28
- Ch.7 Chemical Reactions: Energy, Rate and Equilibrium64
- Ch.8 Gases, Liquids and Solids24
- Ch.9 Solutions52
- Ch.10 Acids and Bases25
- Ch.11 Nuclear Chemistry22
- Ch.12 Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Alkanes57
- Ch.13 Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds47
- Ch.14 Some Compounds with Oxygen, Sulfur, or a Halogen50
- Ch.15 Aldehydes and Ketones45
- Ch.16 Amines42
- Ch.17 Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives57
- Ch.18 Amino Acids and Proteins82
- Ch.19 Enzymes and Vitamins63
- Ch.20 Carbohydrates44
- Ch.21 The Generation of Biochemical Energy65
- Ch.22 Carbohydrate Metabolism45
- Ch.23 Lipids42
- Ch.24 Lipid Metabolism33
- Ch.25 Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism24
- Ch.26 Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis45
McMurry8th EditionFundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9780134015187Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Capitolo 10, Problema 110
Research the composition of 'smelling salts'—a product that is used to rouse people who have lost consciousness. What are the chemical reactions that generate the 'active' component?
Guida verificata passo dopo passo1
Smelling salts typically contain ammonium carbonate ((NH_4)_2CO_3) as the active ingredient.
When smelling salts are exposed to air, they decompose to release ammonia (NH_3), carbon dioxide (CO_2), and water (H_2O).
The chemical reaction for the decomposition of ammonium carbonate is: (NH_4)_2CO_3 \(\rightarrow\) 2NH_3 + CO_2 + H_2O.
The ammonia gas released is the 'active' component that stimulates the nasal and respiratory membranes, causing an inhalation reflex.
This reflex increases breathing and heart rate, helping to rouse a person who has lost consciousness.
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Ammonium Carbonate
Ammonium carbonate is a key ingredient in smelling salts, composed of ammonium and carbonate ions. When exposed to moisture, it decomposes to release ammonia gas, which is the active component that stimulates the respiratory system and helps revive someone who has fainted. This reaction is crucial for understanding how smelling salts work.
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1:04
Drawing Ammonium Salts Concept 2
Chemical Decomposition
Chemical decomposition refers to the process where a compound breaks down into simpler substances. In the case of smelling salts, ammonium carbonate decomposes into ammonia and carbon dioxide when it reacts with water or heat. This reaction is essential for generating the active component that provides the characteristic strong odor of smelling salts.
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01:24Chemical Reaction: Chemical Change Example 2
Respiratory Stimulation
Respiratory stimulation is the physiological response triggered by inhaling strong odors, such as ammonia from smelling salts. The pungent smell irritates the mucous membranes in the nose, leading to an involuntary inhalation reflex that increases alertness and can help revive someone who has lost consciousness. Understanding this response is vital for comprehending the effectiveness of smelling salts.
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1:48Steroids Example 3
Pratica correlata
Domanda del libro di testo
One of the buffer systems used to control the pH of blood involves the equilibrium between H2PO4– and H2PO42–. The pKa for H2PO42– is 7.21.
a. Write the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation for this buffer system.
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Domanda del libro di testo
Many allergy medications contain antihistamines, compounds that contain amine groups (R-NH2, where R refers to an organic functional group). Would you expect these compounds to be acidic, basic or neutral? Explain.
a. One over-the-counter product lists the active ingredient as "diphenhydramine HCl." What does this designation mean?
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Domanda del libro di testo
The dissociation of water into H3O+ and OH– ions depends on temperature. At 0 °C the [H3O+] = 3.38 x 10–8 M, at 25 °C the [H3O+] = 1.00 x 10–7 M, and at 50 °C the [H3O+] = 2.34 x 10–7 M.
c. Is the dissociation of water endothermic or exothermic?
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