Domanda del libro di testo
What is the mass/volume percent concentration of the following solutions?
a. 0.078 mol KCl in 75 mL of solution
b. 0.044 mol sucrose (C12H22O11) in 380 mL of solution
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Ch.9 Solutions
McMurry8th EditionFundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9780134015187
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TOC.tableOfContents
- Ch.1 Matter and Measurements27
- Ch.2 Atoms and the Periodic Table20
- Ch.3 Ionic Compounds8
- Ch.4 Molecular Compounds23
- Ch.5 Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions12
- Ch.6 Chemical Reactions: Mole and Mass Relationships28
- Ch.7 Chemical Reactions: Energy, Rate and Equilibrium64
- Ch.8 Gases, Liquids and Solids24
- Ch.9 Solutions52
- Ch.10 Acids and Bases25
- Ch.11 Nuclear Chemistry22
- Ch.12 Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Alkanes57
- Ch.13 Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds47
- Ch.14 Some Compounds with Oxygen, Sulfur, or a Halogen50
- Ch.15 Aldehydes and Ketones45
- Ch.16 Amines42
- Ch.17 Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives57
- Ch.18 Amino Acids and Proteins82
- Ch.19 Enzymes and Vitamins63
- Ch.20 Carbohydrates44
- Ch.21 The Generation of Biochemical Energy65
- Ch.22 Carbohydrate Metabolism45
- Ch.23 Lipids42
- Ch.24 Lipid Metabolism33
- Ch.25 Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism24
- Ch.26 Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis45
McMurry8th EditionFundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9780134015187Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Capitolo 9, Problema 50
How many moles of each substance are needed to prepare the following solutions?
a. 50.0 mL of 8.0% (m/v) KCl (MW = 74.55 g/mol)
b. 200.0 mL of 7.5% (m/v) acetic acid (MW = 60.05 g/mol)
Guida verificata passo dopo passo1
Step 1: Understand the problem. The (m/v) percentage indicates the mass of solute (in grams) per 100 mL of solution. To find the moles of solute, we need to calculate the mass of solute first using the given volume and percentage, then convert the mass to moles using the molar mass (MW).
Step 2: For part (a), calculate the mass of KCl required. Use the formula: \( \text{Mass of solute (g)} = \text{(m/v percentage)} \times \frac{\text{Volume of solution (mL)}}{100} \). Substitute \( 8.0\% \) and \( 50.0 \ \text{mL} \) into the formula.
Step 3: Convert the mass of KCl obtained in Step 2 to moles using the molar mass of KCl. Use the formula: \( \text{Moles of KCl} = \frac{\text{Mass of KCl (g)}}{\text{Molar mass of KCl (g/mol)}} \). Substitute the calculated mass and \( 74.55 \ \text{g/mol} \).
Step 4: For part (b), calculate the mass of acetic acid required. Use the same formula as in Step 2: \( \text{Mass of solute (g)} = \text{(m/v percentage)} \times \frac{\text{Volume of solution (mL)}}{100} \). Substitute \( 7.5\% \) and \( 200.0 \ \text{mL} \) into the formula.
Step 5: Convert the mass of acetic acid obtained in Step 4 to moles using the molar mass of acetic acid. Use the formula: \( \text{Moles of acetic acid} = \frac{\text{Mass of acetic acid (g)}}{\text{Molar mass of acetic acid (g/mol)}} \). Substitute the calculated mass and \( 60.05 \ \text{g/mol} \).
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Molarity and Moles
Molarity is a measure of concentration defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. To find the number of moles, one can use the formula: moles = mass (g) / molar mass (g/mol). Understanding how to convert between mass and moles is essential for preparing solutions accurately.
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Percorso guidato
00:53
Molarity
Percent by Mass/Volume (m/v)
Percent by mass/volume (m/v) is a way to express the concentration of a solution, indicating the grams of solute per 100 mL of solution. For example, an 8.0% (m/v) KCl solution contains 8.0 grams of KCl in 100 mL of solution. This concept is crucial for calculating the required mass of solute for a given volume of solution.
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Percorso guidato
00:38Mass Percent Concept
Dilution and Solution Preparation
Dilution involves reducing the concentration of a solute in a solution, typically by adding more solvent. When preparing solutions, it is important to calculate the correct amount of solute needed based on the desired concentration and volume. This ensures that the final solution meets the specified concentration requirements.
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Percorso guidato
01:03Dilutions
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