Domanda del libro di testo
Propanamide and methyl acetate have about the same molar mass, both are quite soluble in water, and yet the boiling point of propanamide is 213 °C, whereas that of methyl acetate is 57 °C. Explain.
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Ch.17 Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives
McMurry8th EditionFundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9780134015187
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TOC.tableOfContents
- Ch.1 Matter and Measurements27
- Ch.2 Atoms and the Periodic Table20
- Ch.3 Ionic Compounds8
- Ch.4 Molecular Compounds23
- Ch.5 Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions12
- Ch.6 Chemical Reactions: Mole and Mass Relationships28
- Ch.7 Chemical Reactions: Energy, Rate and Equilibrium64
- Ch.8 Gases, Liquids and Solids24
- Ch.9 Solutions52
- Ch.10 Acids and Bases25
- Ch.11 Nuclear Chemistry22
- Ch.12 Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Alkanes57
- Ch.13 Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds47
- Ch.14 Some Compounds with Oxygen, Sulfur, or a Halogen50
- Ch.15 Aldehydes and Ketones45
- Ch.16 Amines42
- Ch.17 Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives57
- Ch.18 Amino Acids and Proteins82
- Ch.19 Enzymes and Vitamins63
- Ch.20 Carbohydrates44
- Ch.21 The Generation of Biochemical Energy65
- Ch.22 Carbohydrate Metabolism45
- Ch.23 Lipids42
- Ch.24 Lipid Metabolism33
- Ch.25 Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism24
- Ch.26 Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis45
McMurry8th EditionFundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9780134015187Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Capitolo 17, Problema 82a
Each of the following materials has an ester that is responsible for its smell and/or flavor. Search the internet and determine what that ester is, draw its structure, and what carboxylic acid and alcohol are used to form it.
a. Juicy Fruit gum flavoring
Guida verificata passo dopo passo1
Identify the ester responsible for the smell or flavor of Juicy Fruit gum. Research indicates that the ester commonly associated with Juicy Fruit gum is isoamyl acetate (also known as isopentyl acetate).
Understand the structure of isoamyl acetate. It is an ester with the chemical formula C7H14O2. The ester functional group (-COO-) connects an isoamyl group (C5H11) to an acetate group (CH3COO).
Recall how esters are formed. Esters are synthesized through a reaction called esterification, which involves a carboxylic acid and an alcohol reacting in the presence of an acid catalyst (e.g., sulfuric acid).
Determine the carboxylic acid and alcohol used to form isoamyl acetate. The carboxylic acid is acetic acid (CH3COOH), and the alcohol is isoamyl alcohol (C5H12O or 3-methyl-1-butanol).
To draw the structure of isoamyl acetate, combine the isoamyl group (C5H11) with the acetate group (CH3COO) through the ester functional group (-COO-). Ensure the oxygen atom from the alcohol and the carbonyl carbon from the acid are connected to form the ester bond.
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Concetti chiave
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Esters
Esters are organic compounds formed from the reaction of an alcohol and a carboxylic acid, characterized by the functional group -COO-. They are known for their pleasant aromas and flavors, making them common in food and fragrance industries. For example, the ester responsible for the flavor of Juicy Fruit gum is isoamyl acetate, which is derived from isopentyl alcohol and acetic acid.
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Percorso guidato
3:30
Common Naming: Esters Concept 2
Carboxylic Acids
Carboxylic acids are organic acids containing a carboxyl group (-COOH). They play a crucial role in the formation of esters through esterification, where they react with alcohols. In the case of Juicy Fruit gum, acetic acid is the carboxylic acid that combines with an alcohol to create the characteristic flavoring ester.
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Percorso guidato
1:09Carboxylic Acid Reactions Example 1
Alcohols
Alcohols are organic compounds that contain one or more hydroxyl groups (-OH). They are essential reactants in the formation of esters, as they react with carboxylic acids during the esterification process. For Juicy Fruit gum, isopentyl alcohol is the specific alcohol that reacts with acetic acid to produce isoamyl acetate, contributing to the gum's flavor.
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Percorso guidato
1:10Alcohol Classification Concept 2
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