Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between a hexose sugar and a pentose sugar?

Accepted Answer

A hexose sugar contains six carbon atoms, while a pentose sugar contains five carbon atoms.

Question 2

Which equation correctly represents the formation of a disaccharide from two monosaccharides?

Accepted Answer

$$C_6H_{12}O_6$ + C_6H_{12}O_6$ \rightarrow C$$_{12}$$H_{22}O$$_{11} + H_2O$

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a disaccharide?

Accepted Answer

Glucose

Question 4

What type of bond forms between two monosaccharides to create a disaccharide?

Accepted Answer

Glycosidic bond

Question 5

Which polysaccharide serves as the primary energy storage molecule in human liver and muscle cells?

Accepted Answer

Glycogen

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the primary structure of a protein?

Accepted Answer

The sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain

Question 7

Which bonds are primarily responsible for maintaining the tertiary structure of a protein?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds, van der Waals forces, ionic bonds, and disulphide bonds

Question 8

Which of the following is an example of a protein with quaternary structure?

Accepted Answer

Haemoglobin

Question 9

A patient is unable to digest lactose. Which enzyme is most likely deficient, and what type of bond does this enzyme break?

Accepted Answer

Lactase; glycosidic bond

Question 10

Which dietary source is most likely to provide a high amount of starch?

Accepted Answer

Potatoes

Question 11

Which of the following statements about glycogen is correct?

Accepted Answer

It is a polysaccharide composed of alpha glucose monomers.

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the secondary structure of proteins?

Accepted Answer

Coiling into alpha helices and folding into beta pleated sheets

Question 13

Which of the following is a correct structural formula for glucose?

Accepted Answer

$$C_6H_{12}O_6$

Question 14

Which of the following statements about peptide bonds is correct?

Accepted Answer

They form between the amino group of one amino acid and the carboxyl group of another.

Question 15

A mutation causes a change in the sequence of amino acids in a protein. Which level of protein structure is directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Primary structure

Question 16

Which of the following is a dietary source of lactose?

Accepted Answer

Milk

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why starch is a good energy source in the human diet?

Accepted Answer

It is a polymer of alpha glucose that can be broken down to release glucose for cellular respiration.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the quaternary structure of a protein?

Accepted Answer

The arrangement of multiple polypeptide subunits in a functional protein complex

Question 19

Which of the following is a pentose sugar found in nucleic acids?

Accepted Answer

Ribose

Question 20

Which of the following statements about the formation of peptide bonds is correct?

Accepted Answer

A molecule of water is released during the formation of a peptide bond.

Biological Molecules, Cells, and Levels of Organisation: Carbohydrates and Proteins

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