Label the processes of the nitrogen cycle.
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Identify the key processes involved in the nitrogen cycle, which typically include nitrogen fixation, nitrification, assimilation, ammonification, and denitrification.

Locate the part of the image where atmospheric nitrogen (N₂) is converted into ammonia (NH₃) or related compounds by nitrogen-fixing bacteria; this process is called nitrogen fixation.

Find the step where ammonia is oxidized to nitrites (NO₂⁻) and then to nitrates (NO₃⁻) by nitrifying bacteria; this two-step process is known as nitrification.

Look for the assimilation process where plants absorb nitrates or ammonium ions from the soil to synthesize organic nitrogen compounds like amino acids.

Identify ammonification, where decomposers convert organic nitrogen from dead organisms or waste back into ammonia, and denitrification, where denitrifying bacteria convert nitrates back into atmospheric nitrogen, completing the cycle.

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Nitrogen Fixation

Nitrogen fixation is the process by which atmospheric nitrogen (N₂) is converted into ammonia (NH₃) or related compounds usable by plants. This is primarily carried out by certain bacteria and archaea, either free-living or in symbiosis with legumes, making nitrogen accessible for biological use.

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Nitrification

Nitrification is a two-step aerobic process where ammonia is first oxidized to nitrite (NO₂⁻) by bacteria like Nitrosomonas, and then nitrite is oxidized to nitrate (NO₃⁻) by Nitrobacter. Nitrate is a form of nitrogen that plants can readily absorb and utilize for growth.

Denitrification

Denitrification is the anaerobic process where nitrate is reduced back to nitrogen gas (N₂) by denitrifying bacteria, completing the nitrogen cycle. This process returns nitrogen to the atmosphere, reducing soil nitrate levels and influencing nitrogen availability in ecosystems.

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