Domanda del libro di testo
A purified protein from Mycobacterium tuberculosis is injected into a person’s skin. A hardened, red area develops around the injection site within 3 days.
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Ch. 18 - Practical Applications of Immunology
Tortora14th EditionMicrobiology: An IntroductionISBN: 9780138200398
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TOC.tableOfContents
- Ch. 1 - The Microbial World and You18
- Ch. 2 - Chemical Principles20
- Ch. 3 - Observing Microorganisms Through a Microscope18
- Ch. 7 - The Control of Microbial Growth20
- Ch. 9 - Biotechnology & DNA Technology20
- Ch. 10 - Classification of Microorganisms15
- Ch. 11 - The Prokaryotes: Domains Bacteria and Archaea14
- Ch. 12 - The Eukaryotes: Fungi, Algae, Protozoa, and Helminths17
- Ch. 13 - Viruses, Viroids, and Prions20
- Ch. 14 - Principles of Disease and Epidemiology21
- Ch. 15 - Microbial Mechanisms of Pathogenicity19
- Ch. 16 - Innate Immunity: Nonspecific Defenses of the Host20
- Ch. 17 - Adaptive Immunity: Specific Defenses of the Host20
- Ch. 18 - Practical Applications of Immunology20
- Ch. 19 - Disorders Associated with the Immune System19
- Ch. 20 - Antimicrobial Drugs19
- Ch. 21 - Microbial Diseases of the Skin and Eyes21
- Ch. 22 - Microbial Diseases of the Nervous System19
- Ch. 23 - Microbial Diseases of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems20
- Ch. 24 - Microbial Diseases of the Respiratory System20
- Ch. 25 - Microbial Diseases of the Digestive System20
- Ch. 26 - Microbial Diseases of the Urinary and Reproductive Systems19
- Ch. 27 - Environmental Microbiology20
- Ch. 28 - Applied and Industrial Microbiology19
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Capitolo 14, Problema 10
In an agglutination test, eight serial dilutions to determine antibody titer were set up: Tube 1 contained a 1:2 dilution; tube 2, a 1:4, and so on. If tube 5 is the last tube showing agglutination, what is the antibody titer?
a. 5
b. 1:5
c. 32
d. 1:32
Guida verificata passo dopo passo1
Understand that in an agglutination test, the antibody titer is defined as the highest dilution of serum that still shows visible agglutination.
Identify the dilution factor for each tube. Given that tube 1 is a 1:2 dilution, tube 2 is 1:4, and the dilution doubles with each subsequent tube, the dilution for tube n can be expressed as \(1:\left(2^n\right)\).
Calculate the dilution for tube 5 by substituting n = 5 into the formula: \(1:\left(2^5\right)\).
Recognize that the antibody titer corresponds to the reciprocal of the highest dilution showing agglutination, which is the dilution factor of tube 5.
Express the antibody titer as the reciprocal dilution, which will be in the form \$1:32$ for tube 5.
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Serial Dilution in Agglutination Tests
Serial dilution involves stepwise dilution of a sample, usually by a constant factor, to reduce concentration systematically. In agglutination tests, each tube contains a progressively diluted antibody solution, allowing determination of the highest dilution that still causes visible clumping (agglutination). This helps quantify antibody concentration.
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The Ames Test
Antibody Titer Definition
Antibody titer is the highest dilution of serum that still produces a positive reaction, such as agglutination. It is expressed as the reciprocal of the dilution factor (e.g., 1:32 means the serum is diluted 32 times). The titer indicates the strength or concentration of antibodies in the sample.
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00:48Antibodies
Interpreting Agglutination Test Results
In agglutination tests, the last tube showing visible clumping indicates the antibody titer. For example, if tube 5 with a 1:32 dilution is the last positive, the antibody titer is 32 (or 1:32). This value helps assess immune response or infection status.
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06:59The Ames Test
Pratica correlata
Domanda del libro di testo
Test used to detect the presence of antibodies in a patient’s serum.
a. Direct fluorescent antibody
b. Indirect fluorescent antibody
c. Rabies immune globulin
d. Killed rabies virus
e. None of the above
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Domanda del libro di testo
Match the following serological tests in column A to the descriptions in column B.
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Domanda del libro di testo
Match each of the following tests in column A to its positive reaction in column B.
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