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Ch. 21 - Microbial Diseases of the Skin and Eyes
Tortora - Microbiology: An Introduction 14th Edition
Tortora14th EditionMicrobiology: An IntroductionISBN: 9780138200398Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Tutti i libri di testoTortora 14th EditionCh. 21 - Microbial Diseases of the Skin and EyesProblema 3
Capitolo 17, Problema 3

On the following figure, show the sites of the following infections: impetigo, folliculitis, acne, warts, shingles, sporotrichosis, pediculosis.
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Step 1: Understand the nature and typical location of each infection or condition on the human body. For example, impetigo is a superficial bacterial skin infection usually found on the face and limbs.
Step 2: Identify folliculitis as an infection of the hair follicles, which can occur anywhere hair grows but is commonly seen on the scalp, beard area, or limbs.
Step 3: Recognize acne as a condition affecting the sebaceous glands, primarily on the face, chest, and back.
Step 4: Know that warts are caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) and typically appear on hands, fingers, and sometimes feet.
Step 5: Locate shingles (herpes zoster) along specific dermatomes, often appearing as a painful rash on one side of the torso or face; sporotrichosis is a fungal infection usually affecting the skin on the arms or hands after trauma; pediculosis refers to lice infestation, commonly found on the scalp (head lice), body, or pubic area.

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Skin Structure and Layers

Understanding the anatomy of the skin, including the epidermis, dermis, and hair follicles, is essential to locate where infections like impetigo, folliculitis, and acne occur. Different infections target specific layers or structures, influencing their clinical presentation and treatment.
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Types of Skin Infections and Their Etiology

Each infection listed—impetigo, folliculitis, acne, warts, shingles, sporotrichosis, and pediculosis—has a distinct cause, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites. Recognizing the pathogen type helps in identifying the infection site and understanding its pathogenesis.
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Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations of Skin Infections

Knowing how each infection develops and presents clinically aids in mapping them onto the skin diagram. For example, shingles follows nerve dermatomes, warts affect epidermal layers, and pediculosis involves hair shafts, which guides accurate localization on the figure.
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A 12-year old boy had a fever, rash, headache, sore throat, and cough. He also had a macular rash on his trunk, face, and arms. A throat culture was negative for Streptococcus pyogenes.

The boy most likely had

a. Streptococcal sore throat.

b. Measles.

c. Rubella.

d. Smallpox.

e. Hand-foot-mouth disease.

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A 6-year old girl was taken to the physician for evaluation of a slowly growing bump on the back of her head. The bump was a raised, scaling lesion 4 cm in diameter. A fungal culture of material from the lesion was positive for a fungus with numerous conidia.

The girl’s disease was

a. Rubella.

b. Candidiasis.

c. Dermatomycosis.

d. A cold sore.

e. None of the above.

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What bacteria are identified by a positive coagulase test? What bacteria are characterized as group A beta-hemolytic?

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A 6-year old girl was taken to the physician for evaluation of a slowly growing bump on the back of her head. The bump was a raised, scaling lesion 4 cm in diameter. A fungal culture of material from the lesion was positive for a fungus with numerous conidia.

Besides the scalp, this disease can occur on all of the following except

a. Feet.

b. Nails.

c. The groin.

d. Subcutaneous tissue.

e. The disease can occur on all of these areas.

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Complete the following table of epidemiology.

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A 12-year old boy had a fever, rash, headache, sore throat, and cough. He also had a macular rash on his trunk, face, and arms. A throat culture was negative for Streptococcus pyogenes.

All of the following are complications of this disease except

a. Middle ear infections.

b. Pneumonia.

c. Birth defects.

d. Encephalitis.

e. All are complications of this disease.

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