A teacher notices several students appear tired and irritable mid-morning and suspects breakfast skipping. Which family-based action is most evidence-aligned and feasible to reduce these negative outcomes?

Delay the school day start by two hours so children can sleep later and skip breakfast without cognitive or mood consequences.

Mandate that children consume only protein shakes in the morning to prevent cravings, because liquid meals are always superior to solid foods for learning outcomes.

Encourage an early, simple breakfast routine at home or ensure participation in the school breakfast program (e.g., whole-grain toast with peanut butter and a piece of fruit), which addresses morning hunger, supports cognition, and reduces the likelihood of overeating later in the day.

Require students to fast until lunch to normalize hunger patterns and reduce variability in classroom behavior, since shared experiences increase group focus.