Which statement best defines foodborne illness?

An infection or poisoning that develops in the gut from spoiled food alone and never includes exposures to environmental chemicals like heavy metals or pesticide residues.

A sickness that occurs only when people eat raw meat or seafood and always requires hospitalization, typically caused by bacteria or parasites that are always visible in the food.

A condition resulting exclusively from allergic reactions to foods such as nuts or dairy that is unrelated to microorganisms or chemical contaminants.

Illness caused by ingesting harmful substances in food or water, including disease-causing organisms and chemical toxins.